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Art Mediums and Techniques
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Engraving
A printmaking technique where the artist incises a design onto a hard, usually flat surface, by cutting grooves into it. Works by Albrecht Dürer and Martin Schongauer are examples.
Screen Printing
A printing technique where a mesh is used to transfer ink onto a substrate, except in areas made impermeable to the ink by a blocking stencil. Andy Warhol's 'Marilyn Diptych' is an example.
Digital Art
Artistic work or practice that uses digital technology as part of the creative or presentation process. Works by artists like David Hockney and Laurence Gartel are examples.
Watercolor
A painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-based solution. Examples include works by William Turner and John Singer Sargent.
Etching
A printmaking technique that uses strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio. Works by Rembrandt and Francisco Goya are notable examples.
Collage
An artistic composition of materials and objects pasted over a surface; often combining cut paper, photographs, and found objects. Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque pioneered this technique.
Fresco
A mural painting technique that involves applying water-based pigments on freshly applied plaster, usually on wall surfaces. The Sistine Chapel ceiling by Michelangelo is a prime example.
Oil Painting
Painting technique using pigments with a medium of drying oil as the binder. Examples include works by Rembrandt, Van Gogh, and Leonardo da Vinci.
Ceramic Art
The art of making objects out of ceramic materials, including clay. Works by Peter Voulkos and Beatrice Wood serve as examples.
Lithography
A printing process that uses a flat stone or metal plate on which the image areas are worked using a greasy substance so that the ink will adhere to them. Examples include works by Toulouse-Lautrec and Alphonse Mucha.
Acrylic Painting
A fast-drying painting medium made from pigment suspended in acrylic polymer emulsion. Examples include works by Andy Warhol and David Hockney.
Performance Art
A performance presented to an audience within a fine art context, traditionally interdisciplinary. Examples include works by Marina Abramović and Chris Burden.
Installation Art
Three-dimensional works that are often site-specific and designed to transform the perception of a space. Examples by artists such as Yayoi Kusama and Christo and Jeanne-Claude.
Charcoal Drawing
A form of dry art medium made of finely ground organic materials that are held together by a gum or wax binder. Examples are works by Henry Moore and Kathe Kollwitz.
Artists' Books
Works of art that utilize the form of the book. They are often published in small editions, though they are sometimes produced as one-of-a-kind objects. Examples by Ed Ruscha and Dieter Roth.
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