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Art Mediums and Techniques

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Engraving

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A printmaking technique where the artist incises a design onto a hard, usually flat surface, by cutting grooves into it. Works by Albrecht Dürer and Martin Schongauer are examples.

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Screen Printing

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A printing technique where a mesh is used to transfer ink onto a substrate, except in areas made impermeable to the ink by a blocking stencil. Andy Warhol's 'Marilyn Diptych' is an example.

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Digital Art

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Artistic work or practice that uses digital technology as part of the creative or presentation process. Works by artists like David Hockney and Laurence Gartel are examples.

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Watercolor

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A painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-based solution. Examples include works by William Turner and John Singer Sargent.

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Etching

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A printmaking technique that uses strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio. Works by Rembrandt and Francisco Goya are notable examples.

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Collage

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An artistic composition of materials and objects pasted over a surface; often combining cut paper, photographs, and found objects. Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque pioneered this technique.

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Fresco

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A mural painting technique that involves applying water-based pigments on freshly applied plaster, usually on wall surfaces. The Sistine Chapel ceiling by Michelangelo is a prime example.

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Oil Painting

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Painting technique using pigments with a medium of drying oil as the binder. Examples include works by Rembrandt, Van Gogh, and Leonardo da Vinci.

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Ceramic Art

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The art of making objects out of ceramic materials, including clay. Works by Peter Voulkos and Beatrice Wood serve as examples.

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Lithography

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A printing process that uses a flat stone or metal plate on which the image areas are worked using a greasy substance so that the ink will adhere to them. Examples include works by Toulouse-Lautrec and Alphonse Mucha.

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Acrylic Painting

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A fast-drying painting medium made from pigment suspended in acrylic polymer emulsion. Examples include works by Andy Warhol and David Hockney.

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Performance Art

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A performance presented to an audience within a fine art context, traditionally interdisciplinary. Examples include works by Marina Abramović and Chris Burden.

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Installation Art

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Three-dimensional works that are often site-specific and designed to transform the perception of a space. Examples by artists such as Yayoi Kusama and Christo and Jeanne-Claude.

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Charcoal Drawing

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A form of dry art medium made of finely ground organic materials that are held together by a gum or wax binder. Examples are works by Henry Moore and Kathe Kollwitz.

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Artists' Books

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Works of art that utilize the form of the book. They are often published in small editions, though they are sometimes produced as one-of-a-kind objects. Examples by Ed Ruscha and Dieter Roth.

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