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Known for its use of optical illusions. Key artists include Bridget Riley and Victor Vasarely. Time period: Mid to late 20th century, particularly the 1960s.

Art where the idea behind the work is more important than the finished art object. Key artists include Sol LeWitt and Joseph Kosuth. Time period: Emerged in the 1960s.

Emphasized speed, technology, youth, and violence; and objects such as the car, the airplane. Key artists include Filippo Tommaso Marinetti and Umberto Boccioni. Time period: Early 20th century, began in 1909.

An art movement of the European avant-garde in the early 20th century. Key artists include Marcel Duchamp and Man Ray. Time period: 1916 to the mid-1920s.

Broke objects into pieces and reassembled them in abstracted form. Key artists include Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. Time period: Early 20th century, specifically 1907–1917.

Focused on representing emotional experience over physical reality. Key artists include Edvard Munch and Egon Schiele. Time period: Early 20th century, starting around 1905.

Focused on spontaneous, automatic, or subconscious creation. Key artists include Jackson Pollock and Mark Rothko. Time period: Around 1946 to the early 1960s.

Challenged traditions of fine art by including imagery from popular and mass culture. Key artists include Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein. Time period: Emerged in the 1950s and flourished in the 1960s.

Characterized by bold, often distorted forms and vivid colors. Key artists include Henri Matisse and André Derain. Time period: Early 20th century, around 1904–1908.