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Basic Art Vocabulary

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Palette

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A range of colors or materials used by an artist for a particular work or in a style of work.

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Gesture

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In art, refers to the simulation of action or movement; often a quick, expressive style of drawing to capture movement.

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Form

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Refers to the three-dimensional quality or shape of an artwork or the parts contained within it.

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Pattern

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The repetition of a graphic motif on a surface, often creating a sense of rhythm or harmony.

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Texture

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The perceived surface quality of a piece of art; can be actual (physical) or implied (visual).

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Proportion

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The relationship of size between different parts of a work; can create a sense of harmony or dissonance.

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Focal Point

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The area in an artwork that attracts and holds the viewer’s attention; usually, the main subject or a concentration of elements.

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Chiaroscuro

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An art technique using bold contrasts between light and dark to achieve a sense of volume in modelling three-dimensional objects and figures.

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Contour

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An outline that defines a form or edge within an artwork; often used in drawing to suggest volume in space.

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Symmetry

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The balance of identical, mirrored elements on either side of a central axis; can create a sense of harmony and balance.

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Negative Space

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The empty or open space around an object that defines it; emphasizes the shape of the subject by forming shapes between objects.

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Saturation

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The intensity or purity of a color; defines the degree to which it differs from a neutral gray.

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Medium

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The material or technique used by an artist to create their work.

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Hue

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A color or shade; the attribute of colors that enables the viewer to classify them as red, blue, yellow, etc.

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Contrast

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The difference in luminance or color that makes an object distinguishable from other objects and the background.

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Scale

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The size of an object or subject in relation to the overall context or the objects around it.

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Perspective

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A method used to represent three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional surface; it gives depth to an image.

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Line

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A mark with greater length than width; can be used to define space, contours, outlines, or create an emotional or psychological impact.

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Composition

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The arrangement of visual elements in a piece of art; it guides the viewer's eye through the artwork.

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Value

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The lightness or darkness of a color; it's an important element in the creation of depth and mood in an artwork.

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