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Intercultural Negotiation Tactics

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Individualism vs. Collectivism

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Individualistic cultures (e.g., USA, UK) negotiate with a focus on individual goals, while collectivist cultures (e.g., Japan, Korea) emphasize group harmony and objectives.

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Silence as a Tactic

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Used differently across cultures: In some Asian cultures, silence can indicate contemplation and respect, whereas in Western cultures it might be interpreted as discomfort or disagreement.

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Direct vs. Indirect Communication

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Direct communication is straightforward and common in cultures like the USA and Germany. Indirect communication, preferred in cultures such as Japan and Britain, may use non-verbal cues to convey messages.

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Power Distance

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Refers to how much a culture respects hierarchy and authority in communication, impacting negotiation styles. High power distance cultures may defer to seniority while others expect egalitarian interactions.

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Framing

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The way information is presented in negotiations can influence perceptions and outcomes. Frames may be designed to resonate with cultural values and beliefs to be more persuasive.

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Win-Win Situation

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A negotiation strategy that aims for an agreement beneficial to all parties. Common in Western cultures, emphasizing equality and mutual benefit.

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Saving Face

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Critical in many Asian cultures; it involves maintaining respect and honor in negotiations. Avoiding direct conflict and confrontation preserves 'face' for all parties.

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High vs. Low Context Communication

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High-context cultures (e.g., Japan, Arab countries) rely on implicit communication and context, while low-context cultures (e.g., Germany, USA) prefer explicit, direct information exchange.

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Monochronic vs. Polychronic Time

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Monochronic cultures (e.g., Canada, Switzerland) value punctuality and strict scheduling in negotiations, while polychronic cultures (e.g., Mexico, Saudi Arabia) may have a more flexible approach to time.

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Relationship Building

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Prioritizing relationship over immediate outcomes is more common in long-term oriented cultures (e.g., China, Latin America) where business partnerships evolve over time.

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