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Video Codec Essentials

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FLV (Flash Video)

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A file format used to deliver digital video content over the internet using Adobe Flash Player.

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VC-1

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A video compression format initially developed by Microsoft, standardized by the SMPTE, and used for HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc.

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AVCHD (Advanced Video Coding High Definition)

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Developed by Sony and Panasonic for use in consumer camcorders, supports high-definition recording.

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H.263

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A video codec originally designed for low-bit-rate communication, used in video conferencing and mobile video.

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H.264/AVC

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Widely used codec with good balance between compression and quality, supports resolutions up to 4K.

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DNxHD/DNxHR

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Avid's family of codecs designed for professional video editing, with resolutions ranging from SD to 4K and higher.

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H.265/HEVC

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High Efficiency Video Coding that offers up to 50% better compression than H.264, supports up to 8K UHD.

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MKV (Matroska)

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A flexible, open standard video file format that's designed for storing multiple tracks of audio, video, and subtitles.

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WebM

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An open, royalty-free media file format designed for the web, using VP8 or VP9 video codec and Vorbis or Opus audio codec.

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Apple ProRes

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A family of intermediate codecs for professional post-production with high-quality, low-compression rates.

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DV/DVCPRO

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A digital video format used in video cameras, with slight variations (DVCPRO, DVCPRO50, DVCPRO HD) for professional uses.

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VP9

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An open-source codec developed by Google with efficiency comparable to H.265, optimized for web.

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MJPEG (Motion JPEG)

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Sequentially encoding each frame of a video track individually using JPEG compression.

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MPEG-2

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A codec mainly used for DVDs, digital TV, and digital cable broadcasting, with support for interlaced video.

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MOV

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A multimedia container file format, developed by Apple and compatible with both Macintosh and Windows platforms.

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XAVC

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A recording format introduced by Sony that uses Level 5.2 of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, designed for 4K and HD video.

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VP8

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A high-quality video compression format released by Google in its open WebM video format, intended as a royalty-free alternative to H.264.

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WMV (Windows Media Video)

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A series of video codecs and corresponding video coding formats developed by Microsoft.

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ProRes RAW

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Apple's codec designed for high-dynamic-range and high-resolution video, offering real-time, multistream editing performance.

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AV1

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A royalty-free video codec aimed at replacing VP9 and competing with H.265 for streaming video over the internet.

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