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Adjustment of the color balance in an image so that white objects appear white under varying lighting conditions.

A measure of the width of the opening in the lens that light passes through, affecting depth of field and exposure.

The level of sensitivity of your camera to available light, affecting image noise and exposure.

Technology in lenses or camera bodies that reduces blurring associated with the motion of a camera during exposure.

The relationship between aperture, shutter speed, and ISO sensitivity that determines the exposure of a photograph.

The difference in luminance or color that makes an object distinguishable from other objects and the background.

The aesthetic quality of the blur in out-of-focus areas of a photograph, often created by points of light or background highlights.

A camera function that allows continuous shooting of multiple images in quick succession, often used in action or sports photography.

A filter that reduces the intensity of all wavelengths or colors of light equally, allowing for longer exposure times or wider apertures.

A common compressed image file format that uses lossy compression to reduce file size, sacrificing some image quality.

A compositional principle that breaks an image into thirds, horizontally and vertically, suggesting placement of subjects along these lines or their intersections.

An optical window on the camera that the photographer looks through to compose, and in many cases, to focus the photograph.

The range of brightness levels that a camera can capture, from the darkest shadows to the brightest highlights.

The process of measuring the brightness of the subject in order to determine the optimum camera settings for correct exposure.

Taking multiple photos of the same subject at different exposure levels to ensure at least one of them is correctly exposed, or for HDR imaging.

The amount of time the camera's shutter is open to expose the sensor to light, impacting motion blur and exposure.

An accessory that attaches to the front of the lens to block unwanted light, preventing glare and lens flare.

A characteristic of visible light that has important applications in lighting, photography, videography, publishing, manufacturing, astrophysics, and more.

The distance between the nearest and the furthest objects that give an image judged to be in focus in a camera.

A file format that captures all image data as captured by the camera sensor without processing, allowing more flexibility in post-production.

The distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus, determining the angle of view and magnification of the image.

RAW files contain all data from the sensor without processing, better for editing; JPEG files are compressed with some quality loss, convenient for sharing.

A graphical representation of the tonal distribution in a photograph, displaying the frequency of different brightness levels.

A camera setting that allows the photographer to adjust the exposure measured by the camera's light meter, usually in increments of stops.