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Alternative Fuel Technologies

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Biodiesel

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Pros: Renewable, Reduces certain emissions, Biodegradable Cons: May not be fully compatible with all engines, Variable quality, Cold weather performance

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Gasoline

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Pros: High energy density, Readily available infrastructure Cons: Produces CO2, Limited supply, Volatile prices

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Hydrogen Fuel Cell

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Pros: High energy density, Only emits water, Fast refueling Cons: Scarce infrastructure, Expensive technology, Energy loss in hydrogen production

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Synthetic Fuels (Synfuels)

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Pros: Lower emissions than conventional fuels, Utilize existing infrastructure Cons: Energy-intensive to produce, Expensive, Limited production

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Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG or Propane)

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Pros: Lower carbon emissions, Less dependency on oil, Readily available Cons: Lower energy density, Requires special fuel system, Risk of fuel leaks

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P-Series Fuels

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Pros: Can be used in flex-fuel vehicles, Renewable, Reduces emissions Cons: Limited availability, Lower energy content than gasoline, Production challenges

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Ethanol

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Pros: Renewable, Lower greenhouse gas emissions, Can be mixed with gasoline Cons: Lower energy content than gasoline, May harm older engines, Agricultural impact

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Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)

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Pros: Clean burning, Lower CO2 emissions, Cost-effective Cons: High pressure storage tanks, Limited range, Infrastructure development

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Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

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Pros: Suitable for long-haul trucks, Better energy density than CNG, Lower emissions Cons: Cryogenic storage required, Higher cost, Limited refueling stations

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Algae Biofuel

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Pros: Renewable, Can be carbon-neutral, Non-competitive with food crops Cons: High production costs, Energy-intensive cultivation, Unproven at large scale

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Diesel

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Pros: Higher efficiency than gasoline, Good for heavy-duty vehicles Cons: NOx and particulate emissions, Not suitable for all engines, Noise and vibration

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Electric (Battery Electric Vehicles - BEVs)

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Pros: Zero tailpipe emissions, Low operating costs, Instant torque Cons: Limited range, Long charging time, High initial cost

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