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Hybrid Vehicle Technologies
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Regenerative Braking
A system that recovers kinetic energy during braking and converts it into electrical energy that is stored in the battery.
Parallel Hybrid
A hybrid vehicle where the electric motor and internal combustion engine are connected in parallel to jointly power the wheels.
Series Hybrid
A hybrid vehicle design where the internal combustion engine drives a generator to produce electricity, which then powers the electric motor.
Hybrid Vehicle Battery
A high-capacity battery used to store energy for the electric motor in hybrid vehicles.
Electric Motor
A machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, used in hybrid vehicles to provide power to the wheels.
Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)
A type of engine that generates mechanical power by burning a fuel-air mixture within the engine cylinders.
Hybrid Drive Control Unit (HDCU)
A computer that manages how and when to use the electric motor and internal combustion engine in a hybrid vehicle.
Energy Management System (EMS)
The system in hybrid vehicles responsible for controlling the flow and storage of energy.
Stop-Start System
A feature in hybrid and some conventional vehicles that automatically shuts off and restarts the ICE to reduce idle time and save fuel.
Power-Split Device
A planetary gear set in hybrid vehicles that allows for power to be 'split' between the electric motor, ICE, and wheels.
Continuous Variable Transmission (CVT)
A type of transmission that can change seamlessly through a continuous range of effective gear ratios, used in some hybrids.
Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)
A vehicle that combines an ICE with an electric powertrain to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions.
Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)
A hybrid vehicle with a larger battery capacity that can be recharged by plugging into an external electric power source.
Exhaust Heat Recovery System
A system that uses waste heat from the ICE exhaust to improve efficiency in hybrid vehicles.
State of Charge (SoC)
The available capacity of a battery expressed as a percentage of its total capacity; important for managing a hybrid's energy.
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