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Automotive Industry Jargon

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MPG

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Miles Per Gallon, a measure of how far a vehicle can travel on a gallon of fuel.

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DRL

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Daytime Running Lights, lights that are automatically switched on when a vehicle is moving forward, emitting white, yellow, or amber light to increase the visibility of the vehicle during daylight conditions.

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MSRP

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Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price, the amount of money the producer of a product recommends it be sold for in retail stores.

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RWD

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Rear-Wheel Drive, a type of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles where the rear wheels receive power from the engine via the driveshaft.

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CVT

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Continuously Variable Transmission, an automatic transmission that can change seamlessly through a continuous range of effective gear ratios.

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EV

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Electric Vehicle, a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors for propulsion.

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SUV

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Sport Utility Vehicle, a category of motor vehicles that combine elements of road-going passenger cars with features from off-road vehicles, like raised ground clearance and four-wheel drive.

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VIN Decoder

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A tool that interprets the information contained within a vehicle's VIN (Vehicle Identification Number).

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ZF Transmission

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A brand of automatic and manual transmissions built by the German ZF Friedrichshafen AG engineering company.

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HEV

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Hybrid Electric Vehicle, a type of vehicle that uses a conventional internal combustion engine system together with an electric propulsion system.

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CRS

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Child Restraint System, any device designed to protect children from injury or death during vehicle collisions.

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PHEV

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Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle with batteries that can be recharged by plugging into an external source of electric power as well as by its on-board engine and generator.

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WLTP

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Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Procedure, a global standard for determining the levels of pollutants, CO2 emissions, and fuel consumption of traditional and hybrid cars, as well as the range of fully electric vehicles.

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FWD

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Front-Wheel Drive, a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, where the engine drives the front wheels only.

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AWD

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All-Wheel Drive, a drivetrain system that allows all four wheels of a vehicle to receive torque from the engine simultaneously.

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TPMS

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Tire Pressure Monitoring System, an electronic system designed to monitor the air pressure inside the pneumatic tires on various types of vehicles.

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OEM

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Original Equipment Manufacturer, a company that produces parts and equipment that may be marketed by another manufacturer.

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ABS

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Anti-lock Braking System, a safety anti-skid braking system used on aircraft and on land vehicles, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, and buses.

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ECU

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Engine Control Unit, an electronic control unit that controls a series of actuators on an internal combustion engine to ensure optimal engine performance.

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VIN

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Vehicle Identification Number, a unique code used to identify individual motor vehicles.

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ULEV

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Ultra-Low Emission Vehicle, a classification by the Environmental Protection Agency for vehicles with 50% cleaner emissions than the average for new cars released in the model year.

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Downforce

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The downward pressure created by the aerodynamic characteristics of a car that allows it to travel faster through a corner by increasing the vertical force on the tires, hence increasing grip.

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ICE

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Internal Combustion Engine, a heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer in a combustion chamber.

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GVWR

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Gross Vehicle Weight Rating, the maximum operating weight/mass of a vehicle as specified by the manufacturer including the vehicle's chassis, body, engine, engine fluids, fuel, accessories, driver, passengers, and cargo but excluding that of any trailers.

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LATCH

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Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children, a standardized system used to secure child safety car seats in vehicles.

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