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Endocrine Disorders

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Hyperprolactinemia

Affected Hormones: Prolactin Symptoms: Galactorrhea, Amenorrhea, Infertility

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)

Affected Hormones: Cortisol, Aldosterone, Androgens Symptoms: Ambiguous genitalia (in females), Salt-wasting, Precocious puberty

Osteoporosis

Affected Hormones: Estrogen, Testosterone, Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Symptoms: Fractures, Loss of height, Bone pain

Diabetes Insipidus

Affected Hormones: Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Symptoms: Excessive urination, Thirst, Dehydration

Addison's Disease

Affected Hormones: Cortisol, Aldosterone Symptoms: Fatigue, Hyperpigmentation, Hypotension

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Affected Hormones: Insulin Symptoms: Polyuria, Polydipsia, Fatigue

Cushing's Syndrome

Affected Hormones: Cortisol Symptoms: Central obesity, Striae, Hypertension

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Affected Hormones: Androgens, Insulin Symptoms: Hirsutism, Irregular Menstrual Cycles, Infertility

Hypopituitarism

Affected Hormones: Multiple pituitary hormones Symptoms: Fatigue, Decreased libido, Hypothyroidism

Graves' Disease

Affected Hormones: Thyroid Hormones (T3 & T4) Symptoms: Exophthalmos, Heat intolerance, Weight loss

Insulinoma

Affected Hormones: Insulin Symptoms: Hypoglycemia, Confusion, Seizures

Acromegaly

Affected Hormones: Growth Hormone (GH) Symptoms: Enlarged hands/feet, Prominent jaw, Coarse facial features

Hypothyroidism

Affected Hormones: Thyroid Hormones (T3 & T4) Symptoms: Lethargy, Bradycardia, Weight gain

Gigantism

Affected Hormones: Growth Hormone (GH) Symptoms: Rapid growth, Increased height, Delayed puberty

Goiter

Affected Hormones: Thyroid Hormones (T3 & T4) Symptoms: Neck swelling, Dysphagia, Cough

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN)

Affected Hormones: Parathyroid Hormone, Gastrin, Insulin, and others Symptoms: Vary based on tumors present

Sheehan's Syndrome

Affected Hormones: Multiple pituitary hormones Symptoms: Postpartum lactation failure, Fatigue, Hypotension

Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

Affected Hormones: Thyroid Hormones (T3 & T4) Symptoms: Fatigue, Weight gain, Cold intolerance

Hypogonadism

Affected Hormones: Testosterone, Estrogen Symptoms: Decreased libido, Infertility, Osteoporosis

Empty Sella Syndrome

Affected Hormones: Multiple pituitary hormones Symptoms: Fatigue, Headache, Visual disturbances

Hyperparathyroidism

Affected Hormones: Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Symptoms: Bone pain, Kidney stones, Hypercalcemia

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (ZES)

Affected Hormones: Gastrin Symptoms: Peptic ulcers, Abdominal pain, Diarrhea

Carcinoid Syndrome

Affected Hormones: Serotonin, Histamine Symptoms: Flushing, Diarrhea, Wheezing

Pheochromocytoma

Affected Hormones: Catecholamines (Epinephrine & Norepinephrine) Symptoms: Hypertension, Palpitations, Diaphoresis

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Affected Hormones: Insulin Symptoms: Polyuria, Polydipsia, Weight loss

Hyperthyroidism

Affected Hormones: Thyroid Hormones (T3 & T4) Symptoms: Nervousness, Tachycardia, Weight loss

Hypoparathyroidism

Affected Hormones: Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Symptoms: Numbness, Trousseau's sign, Chvostek's sign

Adrenogenital Syndrome (AGS)

Affected Hormones: Cortisol, Aldosterone, Androgens Symptoms: Virilization or feminization, Electrolyte imbalance, Precocious puberty

Cushing's Disease

Affected Hormones: Cortisol Symptoms: Moon face, Buffalo hump, Abdominal striae

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