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Symptoms: Difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection, reduced sexual desire. Diagnosis: Physical exam, blood tests, psychological exam. Treatment Options: Oral medications (PDE5 inhibitors), penile injections, vacuum devices, surgery (penile implants).

Symptoms: Inability to conceive a child, problems with sexual function. Diagnosis: Semen analysis, hormone testing, genetic tests. Treatment Options: Medications, surgery for varicoceles, assisted reproductive technologies (ART).

Symptoms: Fatigue, reduced libido, loss of body hair. Diagnosis: Blood tests to measure testosterone levels, physical examination. Treatment Options: Testosterone replacement therapy, lifestyle changes (diet & exercise).

Symptoms: Swelling in the scrotum, lump in one of your testicles, sharp or dull pain. Diagnosis: Physical examination, scrotal ultrasound. Treatment Options: Watchful waiting, varicocele repair surgery, embolization.

Symptoms: Painless swelling of one or both testicles, discomfort from the heaviness of a swollen scrotum. Diagnosis: Physical exam, scrotal ultrasound. Treatment Options: Watchful waiting, hydrocelectomy (surgical removal).

Symptoms: Lump in the breast, skin changes on the breast, nipple discharge. Diagnosis: Clinical breast exam, mammography, biopsy. Treatment Options: Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy.

Symptoms: Retracted foreskin that cannot return to its normal position, pain in the penis, swelling. Diagnosis: Physical examination, sometimes treated as an emergency. Treatment Options: Manual reduction, circumcision, other foreskin preserving surgery.

Symptoms: Painful urination, pelvic pain, flu-like symptoms. Diagnosis: DRE, urine tests, prostate secretion analysis. Treatment Options: Antibiotics, pain relievers, alpha-blockers, prostate massage.

Symptoms: Hair loss typically starting at the temples and crown. Diagnosis: Physical examination, medical history. Treatment Options: Topical minoxidil, oral finasteride, hair transplant surgery.

Symptoms: Curved erections, pain during erections, visible shaft plaque. Diagnosis: Physical examination of the penis, penile ultrasound. Treatment Options: Oral medications, injections into the plaque, surgery.

Symptoms: Trouble urinating, decreased force in the stream of urine, blood in urine. Diagnosis: PSA test, DRE, prostate biopsy. Treatment Options: Active surveillance, surgery (prostatectomy), radiation therapy, hormone therapy.

Symptoms: Lump in either testicle, feeling of heaviness in the scrotum, ache in the abdomen or groin. Diagnosis: Physical exam, ultrasound, blood tests (tumor markers). Treatment Options: Surgery (orchiectomy), radiation therapy, chemotherapy.

Symptoms: Painless, fluid-filled cyst in the epididymis, feeling of heaviness in the testicle. Diagnosis: Physical exam, scrotal ultrasound. Treatment Options: Observation, spermatocelectomy (surgical removal).

Symptoms: Loud snoring, episodes of breathing cessation, awakening with a dry mouth. Diagnosis: Sleep study (polysomnography), home sleep tests. Treatment Options: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, lifestyle changes, surgery.

Symptoms: Urinary frequency, difficulty starting urination, weak stream. Diagnosis: Digital rectal exam (DRE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, ultrasound. Treatment Options: Medications (alpha blockers, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors), minimally invasive therapies, surgery.

Symptoms: Swollen breast gland tissue, breast tenderness. Diagnosis: Physical examination, medical history, possibly mammography or biopsy. Treatment Options: Observation, medication (tamoxifen, raloxifene), surgery (mastectomy or liposuction).

Symptoms: Audible popping sound during injury, immediate pain and swelling, difficulty urinating. Diagnosis: Physical examination, retrograde urethrography, MRI. Treatment Options: Immediate surgical repair.

Symptoms: Redness, swelling, itching or irritation of the glans (head of the penis). Diagnosis: Examination of external genitalia, swab tests for infection. Treatment Options: Antifungal or antibiotic medications, improved hygiene, circumcisions in severe cases.

Symptoms: Absence of a testicle from the scrotum, asymmetrical scrotum. Diagnosis: Physical exam, ultrasound, laparoscopy. Treatment Options: Watchful waiting for infants, hormonal therapy, orchiopexy surgery.

Symptoms: Low energy, depression, decreased muscle mass. Diagnosis: Evaluation of symptoms, blood tests for testosterone levels. Treatment Options: Testosterone replacement therapy, lifestyle modifications.

Symptoms: Pelvic or perineal pain without infection, often associated with urinary symptoms and sexual dysfunction. Diagnosis: Exclude other diseases, NIH classification of prostatitis. Treatment Options: Antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, pelvic floor physiotherapy, pain management.

Symptoms: Prolonged, often painful erection lasting more than four hours. Diagnosis: Physical examination, blood gas measurement, additional testing for underlying conditions. Treatment Options: Drainage of blood, medications to reduce erection, surgery in severe cases.

Symptoms: Inability to retract foreskin fully, painful urination, swelling. Diagnosis: Physical examination, urology consult. Treatment Options: Topical steroids, stretching exercises, circumcision.

Symptoms: Painful urination, itching, discharge from the penis. Diagnosis: Physical examination, urine tests, tests for STIs. Treatment Options: Antibiotics or antiviral medication depending on the cause.

Symptoms: Development of fibrous scar tissue inside the penis causing curved, painful erections. Diagnosis: Physical exam, penile ultrasound. Treatment Options: Medications (verapamil, collagenase), surgery, shockwave therapy.

Symptoms: Scrotal pain and swelling, painful urination, discharge from the penis. Diagnosis: Physical exam, urine tests, STI screening. Treatment Options: Antibiotics, pain medications, bed rest.

Symptoms: Testicular pain and swelling, fever, nausea. Diagnosis: Physical exam, urine and blood tests, ultrasound. Treatment Options: Antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, ice packs and rest.

Symptoms: Growth or sore on the penis, penile discharge, bleeding. Diagnosis: Physical exam, biopsy, imaging tests. Treatment Options: Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, laser surgery.