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Women's Health Issues

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Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

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Symptoms: Bloating, mood swings, and breast tenderness. Diagnosis: Symptom history, menstrual diary. Treatment Options: Lifestyle changes, dietary supplements like calcium and magnesium, and medication like NSAIDs.

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Anorexia Nervosa

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Symptoms: Extreme thinness, intense fear of gaining weight, and restricted eating. Diagnosis: Psychological assessment, nutritional evaluation. Treatment Options: Nutritional rehabilitation, therapy, and medications like antidepressants.

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Breast Cancer

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Symptoms: Lump in the breast, change in breast shape, and nipple discharge. Diagnosis: Mammogram, ultrasound, and biopsy. Treatment Options: Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy.

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Ovarian Cancer

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Symptoms: Abdominal bloating, quick satiety, and pelvic discomfort. Diagnosis: Pelvic exam, ultrasound, CA-125 blood test, biopsy. Treatment Options: Surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy.

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Vulvar Cancer

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Symptoms: Itchiness, pain, and lump on the vulva. Diagnosis: Biopsy of the vulvar tissue. Treatment Options: Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

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Osteoporosis

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Symptoms: Bone fractures, loss of height, and back pain. Diagnosis: Bone density scan (DEXA). Treatment Options: Medications like bisphosphonates, lifestyle changes, and supplements like calcium and vitamin D.

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Vaginismus

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Symptoms: Involuntary muscle contraction causing painful intercourse. Diagnosis: Gynecological exam, patient history. Treatment Options: Therapy, vaginal dilators, and sometimes botox injections.

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Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

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Symptoms: Lower abdominal pain, abnormal discharge, and painful urination. Diagnosis: Pelvic examination, STI testing, ultrasound. Treatment Options: Antibiotics, treating partner to prevent reinfection, hospitalization if severe.

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Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

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Symptoms: Fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. Diagnosis: Blood tests for thyroid hormone levels and antibodies. Treatment Options: Thyroid hormone replacement therapy and symptom management.

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Cervical Cancer

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Symptoms: Abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, and pain during intercourse. Diagnosis: Pap smear, HPV DNA test, colposcopy. Treatment Options: Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy.

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Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

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Symptoms: Burning during urination, frequent urination, and urgency. Diagnosis: Urinalysis, urine culture. Treatment Options: Antibiotics, increased fluid intake, and urinary analgesics.

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Endometriosis

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Symptoms: Painful periods, pain during intercourse, and infertility. Diagnosis: Pelvic exam, ultrasound, and sometimes laparoscopy. Treatment Options: Pain relievers, hormone therapy, and surgical options.

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Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)

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Symptoms: Vaginal discharge, odor, and irritation. Diagnosis: Vaginal pH test, microscopy of vaginal fluid. Treatment Options: Antibiotic medication, probiotics, and avoiding douching.

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Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)

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Symptoms: Persistent fatigue, sleep abnormalities, and joint pain. Diagnosis: Exclusion of other causes of fatigue, assessment of symptoms. Treatment Options: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), graded exercise therapy (GET), and symptom management.

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Uterine Fibroids

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Symptoms: Heavy menstrual bleeding, prolonged periods, and pelvic pain. Diagnosis: Ultrasound or MRI. Treatment Options: Medications, uterine fibroid embolization, and surgery.

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Polymenorrhea

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Symptoms: Menstrual cycles less than 21 days apart, frequent periods. Diagnosis: Menstrual history, lab tests, ultrasound. Treatment Options: Hormonal contraceptives, treatment of underlying cause, and lifestyle modifications.

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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

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Symptoms: Fatigue, joint pain, and rash. Diagnosis: ANA blood test, clinical evaluation. Treatment Options: Antimalarials, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants.

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Premature Ovarian Failure (POF)

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Symptoms: Irregular or skipped periods, hot flashes, and infertility. Diagnosis: Blood tests for FSH, estradiol levels. Treatment Options: Hormone replacement therapy, IVF with donor eggs, and calcium/vitamin D supplements.

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Migraine

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Symptoms: Severe headache, sensitivity to light/sound, and nausea. Diagnosis: Clinical history, ruling out other headache disorders. Treatment Options: Medications like triptans, preventative treatments, and lifestyle changes.

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

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Symptoms: Irregular periods, hirsutism, and obesity. Diagnosis: Ultrasound and hormone levels. Treatment Options: Lifestyle changes, medication like metformin, and hormonal contraceptives.

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Preeclampsia

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Symptoms: High blood pressure, protein in urine, and swelling of hands and feet. Diagnosis: Blood pressure measurement, urine protein testing. Treatment Options: Close monitoring, medication, and sometimes early delivery.

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Interstitial Cystitis (IC)

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Symptoms: Pelvic pain, frequent urination, and pain during sexual intercourse. Diagnosis: Urinalysis, cystoscopy, and potassium sensitivity test. Treatment Options: Oral medications, bladder instillations, and dietary changes.

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Lichen Sclerosus

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Symptoms: White patches, itching, and painful sex. Diagnosis: Exam of the vulva, biopsy. Treatment Options: Corticosteroid creams, ultraviolet light therapy, and circumcision for men.

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Fibromyalgia

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Symptoms: Widespread muscle pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. Diagnosis: Clinical criteria, ruling out other conditions. Treatment Options: Medications like pregabalin and duloxetine, exercise, and stress-reduction techniques.

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Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Symptoms: Joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. Diagnosis: Blood tests for antibodies, joint imaging. Treatment Options: Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologics, and physical therapy.

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Postpartum Depression

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Symptoms: Severe mood swings, excessive crying, and difficulty bonding with baby. Diagnosis: Clinical evaluation, depression screening tests. Treatment Options: Counseling, antidepressant medication, hormone therapy.

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Menopause

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Symptoms: Hot flashes, night sweats, and mood changes. Diagnosis: Clinical evaluation of symptoms, sometimes blood tests for hormone levels. Treatment Options: Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), lifestyle changes, and medication for symptoms.

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Gestational Diabetes

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Symptoms: Often asymptomatic, may include increased thirst and urination. Diagnosis: Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during pregnancy. Treatment Options: Dietary modifications, monitoring blood glucose, insulin therapy if needed.

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Turner Syndrome

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Symptoms: Short stature, delayed puberty, and infertility. Diagnosis: Chromosomal analysis (karyotyping). Treatment Options: Growth hormone therapy, estrogen replacement, and fertility treatment.

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