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Prominent Archaeological Discoveries
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Tomb of Tutankhamun
Year of Discovery: 1922, Location: Valley of the Kings, Egypt, Significance: One of the most intact tombs discovered that shed light on Egyptian burial practices
Dead Sea Scrolls
Year of Discovery: 1947, Location: Qumran Caves, West Bank, Significance: Ancient Jewish texts that have significant religious and historical value
Rosetta Stone
Year of Discovery: 1799, Location: Rosetta (Rashid), Egypt, Significance: Key to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs
Terracotta Army
Year of Discovery: 1974, Location: Xi'an, China, Significance: Thousands of life-sized figures that represent the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China
Machu Picchu
Year of Discovery: 1911, Location: Andes Mountains, Peru, Significance: Well-preserved Incan city that provides insight into the Incan civilization
Pompeii
Year of Discovery: 1748, Location: Near Naples, Italy, Significance: Roman town frozen in time by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD
Sutton Hoo Ship Burial
Year of Discovery: 1939, Location: Suffolk, England, Significance: One of the richest and most complete Anglo-Saxon burials found
Lascaux Cave Paintings
Year of Discovery: 1940, Location: Dordogne, France, Significance: Contains some of the best-preserved figurative cave paintings in the world
Olduvai Gorge
Year of Discovery: 1959, Location: Tanzania, Significance: Site of some of the most important early human fossils, providing key evidence of human evolution
Stonehenge
Year of Discovery: Monuments date back to 3000 BCE, Location: Wiltshire, England, Significance: Prehistoric stone circle that still puzzles archaeologists with its purpose
The Uluburun Shipwreck
Year of Discovery: 1982, Location: Off the coast of Uluburun, Turkey, Significance: One of the oldest and most wealthy shipwrecks ever discovered
Antikythera Mechanism
Year of Discovery: 1901, Location: Off the coast of Antikythera, Greece, Significance: An ancient Greek analog computer used to predict astronomical positions and eclipses
The Great Sphinx of Giza
Year of Discovery: Known since antiquity, Location: Giza Plateau, Egypt, Significance: An iconic limestone statue with a lion's body and a human head, representing the pharaoh Khafre
The Moai of Easter Island
Year of Discovery: Known to Polynesians, European contact in 1722, Location: Easter Island (Rapa Nui), Chile, Significance: Monumental statues carved by the Rapa Nui people that still pose mysteries regarding their construction and purpose
The Royal Tombs of Ur
Year of Discovery: 1922, Location: Ur, Southern Iraq, Significance: A series of tombs belonging to Ur's ruling elite, providing insight into the Sumerian civilization
Chauvet Cave
Year of Discovery: 1994, Location: Ardèche Valley, France, Significance: Features some of the oldest known cave paintings, along with other evidence of Upper Paleolithic life
Knossos Palace
Year of Discovery: 1900, Location: Crete, Greece, Significance: Largest Bronze Age archaeological site on Crete, considered Europe's oldest city, providing immense insight into Minoan civilization
Vindolanda Tablets
Year of Discovery: 1973, Location: Hadrian's Wall, England, Significance: A collection of Roman writing tablets that are significant for understanding daily life in the Roman Empire
Troy
Year of Discovery: 1871, Location: Hisarlik, Turkey, Significance: Ancient city made famous by Homer's 'Iliad'; its discovery supports the view that Homer's works are based on historical events
Herculaneum
Year of Discovery: Discovered in 1709, Location: Campania, Italy, Significance: Along with Pompeii, it was buried by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD and provides valuable insights into Roman life
The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
Year of Discovery: 19th century excavation, original monument built in 350 BC, Location: Bodrum, Turkey, Significance: One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
The Mary Rose
Year of Discovery: 1971, Location: The Solent, near Portsmouth, England, Significance: The flagship of Henry VIII's fleet that provides unique insight into Tudor military and daily life
Akrotiri
Year of Discovery: 1967, Location: Santorini, Greece, Significance: Minoan Bronze Age settlement preserved by volcanic ash, providing information on Aegean art and daily life
Catalhoyuk
Year of Discovery: 1958, Location: Anatolia, Turkey, Significance: One of the earliest cities in the world, providing insights into Neolithic and Chalcolithic cultures
Gobekli Tepe
Year of Discovery: 1963, Location: Near Sanliurfa, Turkey, Significance: Possibly the world's oldest temple, challenging traditional views about the development of civilization
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