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Stoicism and Its Teachings
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Seneca the Younger
Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, and dramatist who emphasized practical ethics.
Memento Mori
A practice of reflecting on mortality and the impermanence of life.
Stoic Virtues
The four cardinal Stoic virtues: wisdom, courage, justice, and temperance.
The Four Stoic Passions
In Stoic philosophy, these are unhealthy emotions resulting from errors of judgment: desire, fear, pleasure, and distress.
Apatheia
The state of being undisturbed by the passions, achieved through rational judgment and inner calm.
Marcus Aurelius
Roman Emperor and Stoic philosopher, author of 'Meditations,' who wrote reflections on applying Stoic philosophy to life.
The Dichotomy of Control
A fundamental Stoic principle dividing the world into things that are in our control and those that are not.
Premeditatio Malorum
The Stoic exercise of contemplating potential misfortunes to reduce fear and anxiety.
Eudaimonia
The ultimate goal of Stoic philosophy, often translated as 'happiness' or 'flourishing.'
Stoic Cosmopolitanism
The belief that all human beings are citizens of the world and should live in a spirit of brotherhood.
Prosoche
The practice of attentive and conscious living, being present and aware in each moment.
Zeno of Citium
Founder of Stoicism, taught that virtue is the highest good and is sufficient for happiness.
Epictetus
Former slave turned philosopher who taught that external events are beyond our control but we can control our responses.
Logos
A principle in Stoicism signifying the rational structure of the universe.
Stoic Physics
The study of nature and the cosmos, affirming a deterministic universe guided by divine reason.
Stoic Logic
The branch of Stoicism concerned with the analysis of arguments and the pursuit of truth.
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