Discover published sets by community

Acts that are prohibited by law, representing a physical component of a crime.

The mental state of the defendant at the time of the criminal act, indicating intent or recklessness.

The principle that the actus reus and mens rea must occur together for a crime to be present.

The legal principle that establishes the link between the defendant's conduct and the result.

Crimes that do not require proof of mens rea; the act itself is sufficient for criminal liability.

Crimes that involve actions taken toward committing another crime but falling short of the actual crime.

A person who aids, assists, or facilitates the commission of a crime without being the principal actor.

A legal doctrine that attributes responsibility to those who aid or abet in the commission of a crime.

A legal principle whereby one party is held liable for the criminal actions of another, often seen in employer-employee relationships.

The maximum time after an event that legal proceedings based on that event may be initiated.

A law that retroactively changes the legal status of actions that were committed before the enactment of the law.

A procedural defense that prevents an accused person from being tried again on the same or similar charges following a valid acquittal or conviction.

The act of exposing oneself to prosecution by making statements that may prove one's involvement in a crime.

The rights read to an arrested individual, ensuring they are aware of their right to remain silent and to an attorney.

A legal document issued by a judge or magistrate giving law enforcement the authority to perform certain acts.

A reasonable amount of suspicion, supported by circumstances, that a person has committed, is committing, or is about to commit a crime.

A standard used in law enforcement to justify brief stops and detentions, but not enough to support a search or arrest warrant.

A formal charge or accusation of a serious crime, typically presented by a grand jury.

A group of citizens convened to decide whether there is sufficient evidence to indict a suspect and proceed to trial.

An agreement between a defendant and a prosecutor, in which the defendant agrees to plead guilty in exchange for a lesser charge or a more lenient sentence.

The first formal stage of the criminal process, in which a defendant is brought before a court to hear charges and enter a plea.

A writ ordering a person to attend a court.

A legal instrument used to protect against unlawful and indefinite imprisonment.

A law that prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial.

The obligation to prove one's assertion in court; in criminal cases, this burden lies with the prosecution.

A defense to criminal charges that is based on the assertion that a defendant's actions were a legally justified response to an imminent threat of harm.

A defense arguing that a criminal defendant was not legally responsible for their actions due to an episodic or persistent psychiatric disease at the time of the criminal act.

A defense claiming that agents of the government induced a person to commit a crime they would not have otherwise committed.

A defense that claims the defendant was forced to commit a crime as a result of immediate threat of harm, which induces a well-founded fear of imminent peril.

A request made after a trial by a party that has lost on one or more issues that a higher court review the decision to determine if it was correct.

The temporary release of an accused person awaiting trial, sometimes on condition that a sum of money be lodged to guarantee their appearance in court.

Factors that increase the severity or culpability of a criminal act, often leading to a harsher sentence.

Any information or evidence presented to the court regarding the defendant or the circumstances of the crime that might result in reduced charges or a lesser sentence.

A court-imposed criminal sentence that, subject to conditions, releases a convicted person into the community instead of sending them to jail or prison.

The offense of willfully telling an untruth or making a misrepresentation under oath.

The criminal action of operating an illegal business or scheme (a racket) to earn a profit, often as part of organized crime.

The process of concealing the origins of illegally obtained money, typically by means of transfers involving foreign banks or legitimate businesses.

A behavior in which a person fails to reasonably perceive substantial and unjustifiable risks of dangerous consequences.

The participation by a minor child, usually between the ages of 10 and 17, in illegal behavior or activities.

A variety of non-violent financial crimes, typically committed by businesspeople or public officials, characterized by deceit, concealment, or breach of trust.