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White-Collar Crimes
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Flashcards
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Counterfeiting
Manufacturing or distributing goods under someone else's name without their permission.
Investment Fraud
A deceptive practice in the stock or commodities markets that induces investors to make purchase or sale decisions on the basis of false information, frequently resulting in significant losses.
Securities Fraud
A type of serious white-collar crime that can be committed in many forms but primarily involves misrepresenting information investors use to make decisions.
Bribery
Offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting anything of value to influence the actions of an official or other person in charge of a public or legal duty.
Insider Trading
The trading of a public company's stock or other securities by individuals with access to non-public information about the company.
Racketeering
Organized criminal activity in which a criminal organization provides illegal goods and services.
Tax Evasion
The illegal evasion of taxes by individuals, corporations, and trusts.
Pyramid Schemes
A business model that recruits members via a promise of payments or services for enrolling others into the scheme, rather than supplying investments or sale of products.
Cybercrime
White-collar crimes involving computers and networks, where the computer can be either a tool or a target for the offense.
Bankruptcy Fraud
The act of falsifying information or making fraudulent claims when filing for bankruptcy.
Forgery
The action of forging or producing a copy of a document, signature, banknote, or work of art.
Intellectual Property Theft
Stealing or using without permission the intellectual property creations such as inventions; literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names, and images used in commerce.
Corporate Fraud
Frauds committed by companies or individuals representing companies.
Blackmail
An act of coercion using the threat of revealing or publicizing either substantially true or false information about a person or people unless certain demands are met.
Telemarketing Fraud
A scheme to defraud victims, typically the elderly, through the use of the telephone.
Identity Theft
The deliberate use of someone else's identity, usually as a method to gain a financial advantage or obtain credit and other benefits, and perhaps to cause the other person a disadvantage or loss.
Trade Secret Theft
The act of stealing or revealing company secrets to another entity that is not authorized to know them.
Money Laundering
The process of making large amounts of money generated by a criminal activity appear to have come from a legitimate source.
Credit Card Fraud
An inclusive term for fraud committed using a payment card, such as a credit card or debit card, as a fraudulent source of funds in a transaction.
Mortgage Fraud
A crime characterized by some type of material misstatement, misrepresentation, or omission in relation to a mortgage loan which is then relied upon by a lender or underwriter.
Health Care Fraud
Typically involves overbilling or billing for services not actually provided to patients.
Mail and Wire Fraud
Crimes in which the perpetrator forms a scheme to defraud or obtain money based on false representations or promises using electronic communications or the mail services.
Market Manipulation
A deliberate attempt to interfere with the free and fair operation of the market and create artificial, false, or misleading appearances with respect to the price of, or market for, securities, commodities or currency.
Insurance Fraud
A crime in which the perpetrator attempts to obtain some benefit they are not entitled to or denies a benefit that is due.
Pension Fund Fraud
A type of mismanagement in which the fund managers divert the investments of pension funds for personal gain.
Extortion
The practice of obtaining something, especially money, through force or threats.
Advance Fee Fraud
A scam in which the victim pays money to someone in anticipation of receiving something of greater value—such as a loan, contract, investment, or gift—and then receives little or nothing in return.
Embezzlement
Misappropriation of funds placed in one's trust or belonging to one's employer.
Government Fraud
Fraudulent acts carried out by government officials or it involves deceitful practices on government programs, contracts, or other public-sector operations.
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