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A combination of the M'Naghten Rule and Irresistible Impulse Test, stating that a defendant is not responsible if they lacked substantial capacity to appreciate the criminality of their conduct or to conform their conduct to the requirements of law.

A verdict option in some jurisdictions where the defendant is found guilty of the crime but is also found to have been mentally ill at the time of the crime.

A legal doctrine that allows a defendant to be declared not guilty by reason of insanity if at the time of the crime, they were suffering from a severe mental illness and unable to understand the nature of their actions.

A legal standard for insanity which focuses on whether the defendant could control their actions, even if they understood the act was wrong.

Federal legislation passed following the John Hinckley Jr. trial that narrowed the criteria for the insanity defense, and shifted the burden of proof regarding insanity from the prosecution to the defense.

A claim that a defendant was insane during the commission of a crime but has since regained sanity. The condition must have been transient, without recurrence.

Insanity refers to the state of mind at the time of the crime whereas mental competence refers to the defendant's ability to understand and participate in court proceedings.

The responsibility to provide evidence that the defendant was insane at the time of the crime typically lies with the defense.

Specialized courts docket for defendants with mental illnesses that provide a blend of treatment and accountability for crimes they've committed.

A partial defense asserting that a defendant, owing to mental impairment, lacks the capacity to possess the requisite intent to commit a crime.

Another name for the M'Naghten Rule focusing on the defendant's ability to differentiate between right and wrong at the time of the crime.

A standard for insanity that requires the defendant to either not understand what they were doing, or not understand that what they were doing was wrong, due to a mental disorder.

Also known as the 'product test', it states that a defendant is not responsible if the unlawful act was the product of mental disease or defect.

A defense used when the defendant claims that their actions were involuntary, due to an altered state of consciousness, without intent to act (e.g., sleepwalking, seizure).