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The criteria and level of scrutiny an appellate court uses in examining a case.

Filed by the defendant (appellant) through a notice of appeal, typically within a strict deadline.

Written arguments submitted by the parties outlining the legal basis for the appeal or defense thereof.

A written record of the lower court proceedings, essential for the appellate court's review.

To review lower court decisions for legal error, ensure fair trial, and uphold justice.

Includes trial transcript, evidence, pleadings, and motions from the trial court.

A stage in appeals where attorneys present their case to the judges and may be questioned.

Determines whether an error is sufficient to affect the outcome and therefore merits a reversal.

The appellant (defendant) and the appellee (state/government), represented by attorneys.

Sending a case back to the lower court for further action as directed by the appellate court.

Legal reasons for an appeal such as insufficient evidence, prosecutorial misconduct, or jury issues.

The conclusion reached by appellate judges, possibly including a written opinion.

Overturning the original court's decision, possibly leading to a new trial or the dropping of charges.

Appellate court decisions may set precedent, guiding future legal interpretations and decisions.

A request for a higher court to review the decision of a lower court.

The government may appeal certain decisions, but not the acquittal due to double jeopardy protections.

Upholding the lower court's decision by the appellate court.

Written explanations of the judges' agreement or disagreement with the court's decision.

When an appellate case is heard before all of the judges of a court rather than a smaller panel.