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Disability Rights in Education

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Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)

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Protects the privacy of student education records, which can be especially important for students with disabilities.

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Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

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Provides civil rights protection to individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including schools, to ensure equal opportunity.

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Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act

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Prohibits discrimination based on disability in programs receiving federal financial assistance, ensuring students have equal access to education and services.

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The Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA)

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A precursor to IDEA, this act was established to ensure that children with disabilities had the right to public education.

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Accessible Instructional Materials (AIM) provision in IDEA

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Requires that students with disabilities are provided with learning materials in accessible formats in a timely manner.

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Higher Education Opportunity Act (HEOA)

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Improves college access and support for students with disabilities, including comprehensive transition and postsecondary programs.

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No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)

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Aimed to close the achievement gap including for students with disabilities by providing more flexibility in how federal funds could be used by schools.

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Education of the Deaf Act

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Supports the education of individuals who are deaf, ensuring students have access to appropriate communication modes and learning environments.

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The Randolph-Sheppard Act

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Provides individuals who are blind with remunerative employment and self-support through the operation of vending facilities on federal and other property, which can include opportunities for students in transition programs.

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Handicapped Children’s Protection Act of 1986

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Amended IDEA to allow parents of children with disabilities to collect attorney fees in lawsuits where they prevail, enhancing enforcement of student rights.

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The Assistive Technology Act

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Ensures access to and acquisition of assistive technology devices and services for individuals with disabilities, including students.

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Transition Services in IDEA

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Mandates that transition planning and services be included in the IEPs of students with disabilities beginning at age 16, to prepare them for post-school activities.

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Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act

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Provides funds to secondary and postsecondary schools to improve career and technical education, ensuring students with disabilities have access to these programs.

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Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)

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Reauthorizes the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, ensuring that students with disabilities receive a high-quality education and are held to high academic standards.

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Early Intervention Services under IDEA

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Requires states to provide early intervention services to infants and toddlers with disabilities, ensuring a better start in their educational journey.

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The Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act

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Pioneered federal efforts to enhance the availability of and access to assistive technology for individuals with disabilities, encompassing students in educational settings.

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The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA)

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Increases opportunities for employment and education for individuals with disabilities, including students transitioning from school to the workforce.

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Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA)

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Ensures that limitations on mental health benefits are no more restrictive than those for medical/surgical benefits, impacting students with mental disabilities.

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Protection and Advocacy for Assistive Technology (PAAT) Program

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Ensures legal and advocacy services are available to assist individuals with disabilities in accessing assistive technology devices and services.

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Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

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Ensures students with disabilities are provided with Free Appropriate Public Education that is tailored to their individual needs.

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