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Federal Statutes

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Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Technical Education Act

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Aimed at increasing the quality of technical education within the United States to help the economy. Enacted in 1984, reauthorized as the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Improvement Act of 2006.

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No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)

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Reauthorized the ESEA to hold schools accountable for student achievement levels and penalizes schools that don't make progress. Enacted in 2002.

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Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

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Prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, which applies to educational institutions as employers. Enacted in 1964.

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The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009

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Allocated funds for education, including state fiscal stabilization funds, and incentivized education reforms through 'Race to the Top' grants. Enacted in 2009.

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Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)

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Reauthorized the ESEA to give greater flexibility to states in terms of setting standards, determining school interventions, and dictating teacher evaluation systems. Enacted in 2015.

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Higher Education Act of 1965

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Increases federal money given to universities, creates scholarships, gives low-interest loans for students, and establishes a National Teachers Corps. Enacted in 1965.

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The Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act

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Part of the No Child Left Behind Act that provides funding for programs to prevent violence in and around schools and to prevent the illegal use of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs. Enacted in 2002.

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The Academic Competitiveness and National SMART Grant Programs

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Provide grants to students who meet rigorous math and science coursework requirements and are enrolled in eligible majors, emphasizing the STEM fields. Enacted under Higher Education Reconciliation Act of 2005.

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The Strengthening Career and Technical Education for the 21st Century Act

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Reauthorizes the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act with the aim of increasing Americans' access to high-quality career and technical education. Enacted in 2018.

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Protecting Students From Sexual and Violent Predators Act

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Requires states receiving federal education funds to conduct criminal background checks on all new and existing school employees. Enacted in 2013.

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Campus Sex Crimes Prevention Act

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Amends the Higher Education Act to require institutions of higher education to issue a statement advising the campus community where law enforcement agency information concerning registered sex offenders may be obtained. Enacted in 2000.

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The Student Right-to-Know Act

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Requires all colleges and universities to report graduation rates to current and prospective students. Enacted in 1990.

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Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)

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Provides federal funding to primary and secondary education, emphasizes equal access to education, and sets high standards and accountability. Enacted in 1965.

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Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)

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Protects the privacy of student education records, grants parents rights to their children's education records, which transfer to the student when they reach 18 or attend a school beyond the high school level. Enacted in 1974.

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The Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990

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Prohibits unauthorized individuals from knowingly possessing a loaded or unsecured firearm in a school zone. Enacted in 1990.

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The Higher Education Opportunity Act of 2008

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Reauthorized and updated the Higher Education Act of 1965, with provisions that included simplifying the financial aid process and expanding grant programs. Enacted in 2008.

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Education Sciences Reform Act of 2002

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Establishes institutional structures within the U.S. Department of Education for carrying out rigorous research and statistical analysis on America's schools. Enacted in 2002.

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The Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008

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Provides financial support for education and housing to individuals with at least 90 days of aggregate service after September 10, 2001, or individuals discharged with a service-connected disability after 30 days. Enacted in 2008.

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The Mathematics and Science Partnership (MSP) Program

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A grant program focused on improving the performance of students in the areas of math and science by bringing together K-12 schools and higher education institutions. Enacted as part of NCLB in 2002.

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The Jeanne Clery Disclosure of Campus Security Policy and Campus Crime Statistics Act

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Requires colleges and universities participating in federal financial aid programs to keep and disclose information about crime on and near their respective campuses. Enacted in 1990.

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Education Amendments of 1972

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Prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance. Title IX is a well-known section. Enacted in 1972.

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The Higher Education Amendments of 1998

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Reauthorized the Higher Education Act of 1965, and made changes in student loan programs, including instituting loan forgiveness for teachers. Enacted in 1998.

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The Equity in Athletics Disclosure Act

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Requires co-educational colleges and universities to produce an annual report detailing the participation rates and financing of men’s and women’s sports. Enacted in 1994.

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Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

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Ensures students with disabilities are provided with Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) tailored to their individual needs. Enacted in 1975.

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Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

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Prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places open to the public. Enacted in 1990.

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