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Key US Labor Laws

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National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)

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Year enacted: 1935. Purpose: Protects the rights of employees and employers, to encourage collective bargaining, and to curtail certain private sector labor and management practices.

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Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)

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Year enacted: 1993. Purpose: Allows employees to take unpaid, job-protected leave for family and medical reasons with continuation of group health insurance coverage.

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Norris-LaGuardia Act

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Year enacted: 1932. Purpose: Protects the right of workers to organize and to prohibit employers from interfering with workers' unions and protests.

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Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)

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Year enacted: 1970. Purpose: Ensures worker and workplace safety by requiring employers to provide working conditions that are free of known dangers.

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Pregnancy Discrimination Act

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Year enacted: 1978. Purpose: Prohibits discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions.

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Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)

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Year enacted: 1938. Purpose: Establishes minimum wage, overtime pay eligibility, recordkeeping, and child labor standards.

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Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)

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Year enacted: 1970. Purpose: Promotes the accuracy, fairness, and privacy of consumer information contained in the files of consumer reporting agencies.

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Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)

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Year enacted: 1974. Purpose: Sets minimum standards for most voluntarily established retirement and health plans to provide protection for individuals in these plans.

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Wagner Act

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Year enacted: 1935. Purpose: Protect workers' rights to organize and to bargain collectively with their employers.

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Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act

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Year enacted: 1936. Purpose: Establishes labor standards for wages, hours, and safety and health for employees on contracts exceeding 10,000forthemanufactureorfurnishingofmaterials.10,000 for the manufacture or furnishing of materials.

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Taft-Hartley Act

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Year enacted: 1947. Purpose: Restricts the activities and power of labor unions.

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Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection Act

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Year enacted: 1983. Purpose: Provides protection for migrant and seasonal agricultural workers concerning wages, housing, transportation, and labor contractor registration.

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Davis-Bacon Act

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Year enacted: 1931. Purpose: Requires the payment of prevailing wages on public works projects for laborers and mechanics.

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Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (LMRDA)

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Year enacted: 1959. Purpose: Protects union funds and promotes union democracy by mandating financial disclosures by labor organizations and establishing standards for election of union officers.

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Mine Safety and Health Act

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Year enacted: 1977. Purpose: Protects the safety and health of miners; enhances mining health and safety by ensuring that safe and healthful working conditions are provided at mines.

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