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Unemployment Insurance Primer

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Employer-Funded Taxes

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Taxes that employers pay into the state's unemployment insurance fund, which vary according to the employer's industry, history of layoffs, and the overall health of the fund.

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Extended Benefits (EB)

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Additional weeks of unemployment benefits available during times of high unemployment, triggered by a state's unemployment rate and provided jointly by state and federal funds.

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Unemployment Insurance Appeals

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The process by which individuals can contest a denial of unemployment benefits, involving a hearing before an administrative law judge or a similar tribunal.

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Base Period

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A specific time period used by unemployment insurance programs to determine an individual's eligibility and benefit amount, usually the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters.

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Continued Claims

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Claims filed by beneficiaries after the initial claim to maintain UI benefits, often on a weekly or biweekly basis, proving they are still eligible and seeking work.

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Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA)

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The amount of money an eligible individual can receive on a weekly basis from unemployment insurance, determined by their previous earnings during the base period.

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Partial Unemployment Benefits

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Benefits that may be available to workers who have had their hours reduced but are still employed, allowing them to receive a portion of UI benefits to supplement their income.

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Suitable Work

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A job position that an unemployment benefit recipient is expected to accept if offered, considering factors like pay, experience, and commuting distance.

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State Unemployment Tax Act (SUTA)

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A law that governs the state unemployment taxes employers must pay to fund their state's unemployment insurance benefits.

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Disqualification

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The loss of eligibility for unemployment benefits due to reasons such as voluntarily leaving a job without good cause, being fired for misconduct, or refusing suitable work.

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Eligibility Criteria

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Rules determining who qualifies for unemployment benefits, typically including having worked a minimum period, lost one's job due to reasons beyond their control, and actively seeking employment.

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Waiting Week

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A standard one-week period after filing an unemployment claim during which no benefits are paid, intended to ensure that only those eligible receive assistance.

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Federal Unemployment Tax Act (FUTA)

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A federal law that imposes a payroll tax on employers to help fund the state workforce agencies and federal costs of administering unemployment and job service programs.

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Duration of Benefits

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The length of time for which unemployed individuals can receive benefits, which is typically up to 26 weeks, but can be extended during high unemployment periods.

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Workforce Development Programs

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Initiatives that provide training and employment assistance to job seekers, including those receiving unemployment benefits, to improve their skills and help them reenter the workforce.

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Pandemic Unemployment Assistance (PUA)

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A temporary federal program that provided UI benefits to individuals not typically eligible, such as independent contractors, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Work Search Requirements

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Conditions unemployment benefit recipients must meet related to the active search for employment, including applying for jobs, attending interviews, or participating in job training.

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Unemployment Insurance Modernization Act

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Legislation intended to improve the UI system's response to changing economic conditions, expand coverage to a larger segment of workers, and encourage state reforms.

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Unemployment Insurance (UI)

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A government-provided financial assistance program that offers temporary support to unemployed workers who have lost their jobs due to no fault of their own.

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Reemployment Services

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Programs and services provided by the government to help unemployed individuals find new jobs and may be a requirement for continuing to receive UI benefits.

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