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Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act Essentials

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Employers' Responsibilities under the OSH Act

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Employers must comply with the statutory requirements and regulations, provide a safe workplace, and ensure employees have and use safe tools and equipment.

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Research and Statistics

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OSHA conducts research to develop information regarding the causes and prevention of occupational injuries, diseases, and accidents.

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OSHA's On-Site Consultation Program

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Smaller businesses can receive free, confidential advice to find and fix hazards and improve their occupational safety and health management systems.

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Complaint Filing by Workers

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Workers have a right to file a confidential complaint with OSHA to have their workplace inspected if they believe there is a serious hazard or their employer is not following OSHA's rules.

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Hazard Communication Standard

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Employers must inform and train employees about hazardous chemicals in the workplace, as well as label these substances and provide safety data sheets.

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General Duty Clause

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Employers are required to provide a workplace free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm.

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OSHA Inspections

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Inspections are conducted without advance notice by compliance officers to ascertain compliance with OSHA standards and the OSH Act.

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OSHA Training and Education

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OSHA provides training programs to increase worker and employer knowledge on the recognition, avoidance, and prevention of safety and health hazards in their workplaces.

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Reporting Severe Injuries

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Employers must report any work-related fatalities within 8 hours and inpatient hospitalizations, amputations, or losses of an eye within 24 hours.

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Whistleblower Protections

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Employees are protected from retaliation for exercising their rights under the OSH Act, including filing a safety or health complaint with OSHA.

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Penalties for Violations

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OSHA can impose fines on employers for violating the OSH Act. These penalties can be significant, depending on the nature of the violation.

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Safety and Health Committees

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Encouragement of workplace safety and health committees that involve workers in finding and fixing health and safety problems.

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Voluntary Protection Programs (VPP)

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VPP promotes effective worksite-based safety and health and recognizes employers and workers in both the private industry and federal agencies who have implemented effective safety and health management systems.

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OSHA Standards

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Specific conditions or practices, above the general duty requirements, that employers must comply with to keep their workplaces safe.

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Emergency Temporary Standards (ETS)

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OSHA can set emergency temporary standards that are immediately effective if employees are in grave danger due to exposure to toxic substances or agents or to new hazards.

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Recordkeeping Requirement

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Employers must maintain records of work-related injuries and illnesses.

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Workers' Rights under the OSH Act

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Workers have the right to working conditions that do not pose a risk of serious harm, to receive information and training about hazards, and to exercise their rights without retaliation.

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

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Employers must provide and ensure the use of appropriate personal protective equipment for employees when necessary to protect against workplace hazards.

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State Plans

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States can develop and operate their own job safety and health programs under OSHA approval and must be at least as effective as OSHA's.

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Anti-Discrimination Provision

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It is against the law for an employer to discriminate against employees for using their rights under the OSH Act.

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