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Electrical Circuit Components
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Resistor
Limits the flow of electric current in a circuit.
Inductor
Stores energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through it.
Light Emitting Diode (LED)
A semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it.
Diode
Allows current to flow in one direction only, acting as a one-way valve.
Relay
An electrically operated switch using an electromagnet to mechanically operate a circuit switch.
Variable Resistor (Potentiometer)
A resistor with a variable (adjustable) resistance.
Integrated Circuit (IC)
A set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or 'chip') of semiconductor material.
Fuse
A safety device consisting of a strip of wire that melts and breaks an electric circuit if the current exceeds a safe level.
Switch
A device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical circuit.
Capacitor
Stores energy in an electric field between its plates.
Transformer
Transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction.
Transistor
Amplifies or switches electronic signals.
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