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Electrical Circuit Components

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Resistor

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Limits the flow of electric current in a circuit.

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Capacitor

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Stores energy in an electric field between its plates.

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Inductor

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Stores energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through it.

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Diode

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Allows current to flow in one direction only, acting as a one-way valve.

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Transistor

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Amplifies or switches electronic signals.

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Relay

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An electrically operated switch using an electromagnet to mechanically operate a circuit switch.

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Integrated Circuit (IC)

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A set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or 'chip') of semiconductor material.

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Transformer

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Transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction.

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Variable Resistor (Potentiometer)

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A resistor with a variable (adjustable) resistance.

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Fuse

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A safety device consisting of a strip of wire that melts and breaks an electric circuit if the current exceeds a safe level.

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Light Emitting Diode (LED)

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A semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it.

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Switch

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A device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical circuit.

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