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String Theory Elements

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Holographic Principle

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A principle suggesting that all the information contained in a volume of space can be represented as a theory on the boundary of that space, which relates to string theory through the AdS/CFT correspondence.

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Branes

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Multi-dimensional objects of various dimensionalities (1-D strings to higher dimensions) in string theory, on which strings can end.

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Strings

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One-dimensional objects whose different modes of vibration correspond to various particles.

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AdS/CFT Correspondence

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A conjectured relationship between two kinds of physical theories: Anti-de Sitter space (AdS) theories in gravitational physics and Conformal Field Theory (CFT) on the boundary of AdS.

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Calabi-Yau Spaces

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These are compact, complex manifolds with special holonomy properties, utilized in string theory to describe the extra dimensions beyond our usual four.

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T-Duality

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A feature of string theory that relates the physics of a compact dimension of large radius to the physics of a compact dimension with a small radius, inversely related by the string scale.

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Superstring Theory

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A version of string theory that includes both bosons and fermions and requires supersymmetry; Superstring theory hopes to unify all fundamental forces.

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