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Phase Transitions
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Vaporization
The process where a liquid turns into a gas. This occurs when the particles in a liquid gain enough energy to overcome the intermolecular forces and enter the gas phase.
Deposition
The phase transition in which gas transforms directly into solid without passing through the liquid phase. Commonly observed in the formation of frost.
Freezing
The transition from liquid to solid. Energy is released during this process as the molecules slow down and arrange into a crystalline structure.
Melting
The transition from solid to liquid. This process requires energy and occurs at the melting point.
Condensation
The transition from gas to liquid. It involves the loss of energy and occurs when gas molecules are cooled below their boiling point.
Sublimation
The transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through the intermediate liquid phase. This process occurs at temperatures and pressures below the triple point of a substance.
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