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An educational theory that believes in a core curriculum of essential knowledge that every student must learn. Essentialism is significant as it argues for the centrality of hard work, discipline, and transmission of cultural heritage.

An educational philosophy that focuses on timeless truths and universal books, emphasizing the importance of intellectual and moral standards. Significant because it promotes a consistent, classic curriculum, stressing rationality and intellectual development.

The art or science of teaching and educational methods. Pedagogy is significant as it encompasses the various approaches and techniques that educators use to impart knowledge and foster learning environments.

An educational movement that advocates for teaching to challenge social inequalities and empower students to take action for social change. Critical pedagogy is significant because it goes beyond knowledge acquisition to critically analyze societal issues.

An educational philosophy that emphasizes individual choice and personal responsibility, encouraging students to create their own meaning and values in life. Existentialism is significant in promoting autonomy, self-direction, and authenticity in learning.

A learning theory that states individuals construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world through experience and reflection. Constructivism is significant because it emphasizes the learner's active role in the knowledge creation process.

An approach that emphasizes instructional and informative qualities in literature and other types of art. Didacticism is significant because it underlines the moral and educational messages that can be conveyed through narratives.

The branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge, including its origins, validity, and limitations. Epistemology is significant in education as it informs how knowledge is understood and validated.

An educational movement emphasizing learning by doing and the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Progressivism is significant for its child-centered approach and adaptability to individual needs and societal changes.

A learning theory which posits that behaviors can be explained through conditioning without the need for internal states or consciousness. Behaviorism is significant in education for its focus on observable and measurable aspects of learning.

An educational philosophy that suggests that truths and meanings are discovered through practical consequences and successful application. It is significant because it promotes learning through experience and real-world problem solving.