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Flexibility Tests

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Sit-and-Reach Test

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This test measures the flexibility of the lower back and hamstring muscles. The individual sits on the floor with legs stretched out straight ahead. Feet (shoes off) are placed flat against a box or a similar object. Then the individual leans forward slowly as far as possible and holds the greatest stretch for at least two seconds.

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Thomas Test

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The Thomas Test is used to measure hip flexor tightness. The individual lies on their back and brings one knee to chest to flatten the lower back against the floor. The other leg stays on the table and should remain straight. If the leg on the table bends or lifts off the table, it indicates tightness in the hip flexors.

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Back Scratch Test

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For the Back Scratch Test, an individual reaches one hand over the shoulder and the other up the middle of the back from the waist, attempting to touch or overlap their fingers. This test measures the ability to perform upper body tasks and is an indicator of shoulder and upper arm flexibility.

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Ankle Dorsiflexion Test

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The Ankle Dorsiflexion Test measures the flexibility of the calf muscles and the ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. The individual stands facing a wall and slowly walks their feet back while keeping their heels on the ground and bending their knees to touch the wall. The distance of the toes from the wall when the heels lift off is the measure.

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Shoulder Flexibility Test

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The Shoulder Flexibility Test measures the flexibility of the shoulder region. The individual reaches one hand over the shoulder and down the back while the other hand reaches up the back from the waist. The test measures the distance between the two hands (or fingers).

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Trunk Lift Test

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During the Trunk Lift Test, an individual lies face down on the floor, hands under the thighs, and slowly lifts the upper body off the floor using the muscles of the back. The height the chin can be raised off the ground is measured.

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90/90 Hamstring Test

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The 90/90 Hamstring Test assesses hamstring flexibility. The individual lies down on their back, then the hip and knee of one leg are flexed to 90 degrees. Maintaining this position, the individual tries to straighten the leg to increase the angle of knee extension. The degree of knee extension is the measure.

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Modified Schober Test

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The Modified Schober Test assesses lumbar spine flexion. A mark is made on the lumbar spine at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra and a second mark 10 cm above it. When the individual bends forward, the increase in distance between the marks is measured, with normal flexibility being typically a 5- to 10-cm increase.

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