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The process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers.

The diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration, crucial for water uptake in plants.

Protein channels in the cell membrane that enable rapid and selective water movement across the cell membrane, facilitating water uptake and transport.

A theory that explains the process of water flow upwards through the xylem of plants due to the cohesive properties of water and the tension on the water column created by transpiration.

A hydrostatic pressure developed in the roots of plants that can contribute to the upward movement of water, often observed when transpiration is low, such as at night.

Vascular plant tissue that transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots throughout the plant and is responsible for physical support.

The ability of water to flow in narrow spaces against the force of gravity, occurring in plants within the fine capillaries of the xylem.

The long-distance transport of substances, including water, in the plant vascular system (xylem and phloem) driven by pressure gradients.

Microscopic openings on the surfaces of leaves that regulate the exchange of gases and transpirational water loss.