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Metal Forming Techniques
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Extrusion
Description: A process to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile by pushing material through a die. Metals Used: Aluminum, steel, copper. Example Products: Tubing, structural components, wires.
Drawing
Description: A process that stretches metal into a desired shape and thickness through a tensile force, often using a die. Metals Used: Steel, copper, silver. Example Products: Wires, rods, tubing.
Deep Drawing
Description: A form of metal forming that involves the radial drawing in of a sheet metal blank into a forming die by the mechanical action of a punch. Metals Used: Aluminum, stainless steel, copper. Example Products: Pots, pans, automotive body panels.
Shearing
Description: A process that cuts stock without the formation of chips or the use of melting or burning, typically using a punch and die. Metals Used: Steel, aluminum, brass. Example Products: Metal sheets, blanks, trim pieces.
Metal Spinning
Description: A forming process in which a disc or tube of metal is rotated at high speed and formed into an axially symmetric part. Metals Used: Aluminum, stainless steel, copper. Example Products: Cooking pots, gas cylinders, musical instruments.
Swaging
Description: A forging process in which the dimensions of an item are altered using dies that taper inward to form a certain shape. Metals Used: Steel, titanium, copper. Example Products: Tapered tubes, cables, rods.
Embossing
Description: A metal forming process for producing raised or sunken designs in sheet material by means of male and female dies. Metals Used: Steel, aluminum, brass. Example Products: Coins, badges, decorative panels.
Powder Metallurgy
Description: A process of making components from metallic powders. Compacting and sintering are the key steps. Metals Used: Steel, titanium, superalloys. Example Products: Gears, bearings, filters.
Bending
Description: A manufacturing process that produces a V-shape, U-shape, or channel shape along a straight axis in ductile materials. Metals Used: Steel, aluminum, brass. Example Products: Brackets, frames, enclosures.
Stamping
Description: A high production process using dies to form flat metal blank into desired shapes. Metals Used: Steel, aluminum, brass. Example Products: Panels, chassis, household appliances.
Ironing
Description: A manufacturing process used to reduce wall thickness and increase height of a cup or cylinder by running the metal through a ring. Metals Used: Aluminum, tin, steel. Example Products: Beverage cans, ammunition casings, aerosol cans.
Spinning
Description: A process in which a disc or tube of metal is rotated at high speed and formed into an axially symmetric part. Metals Used: Aluminum, stainless steel, copper. Example Products: Cooking pots, gas cylinders, musical instruments.
Rolling
Description: A metalworking process that involves passing the metal through one or more pairs of rolls to reduce thickness, increase length, and improve surface finish. Metals Used: Steel, aluminum, copper. Example Products: Sheet metal, plates, I-beams.
Welding
Description: A fabrication process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by causing fusion. Metals Used: Steel, aluminum, nickel. Example Products: Ships, buildings, cars.
Coining
Description: Similar to embossing, this forming process involves a closed-die design to create highly detailed features. Metals Used: Steel, copper, gold. Example Products: Coins, medallions, precision parts.
Forging
Description: A process whereby metal is heated and shaped by plastic deformation by suitably applying compressive force. Metals Used: Steel, titanium, brass. Example Products: Engine parts, hardware, hand tools.
Rotary Piercing
Description: A hot working process for forming thick-walled seamless tubing by rotating and advancing the metal onto rollers. Metals Used: Steel, stainless steel, titanium. Example Products: Seamless pipes, tubes.
Flow Forming
Description: A process combining spinning, forging, and controlled deformation to produce precise, high-strength, seamless components. Metals Used: Aluminum, titanium, stainless steel. Example Products: Lightweight wheels, aerospace components.
Hydroforming
Description: A forming process using high-pressure hydraulic fluid to form complex shapes from sheet or tubular metal. Metals Used: Aluminum, steel, brass. Example Products: Automotive body panels, tubes, ducts.
Planishing
Description: A metalworking process that involves finely shaping and smoothing metal by controlled hammering or rolling. Metals Used: Aluminum, copper, brass. Example Products: Custom car bodywork, metal sculptures, armor.
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