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Function: Improve polymer processability and flow characteristics. Examples: Acrylic polymers, fluoropolymers, polyethylene wax. Effect on Polymer Properties: Enhanced melt flow, reduced processing temperatures, better surface quality.

Function: Reduce coefficient of friction on the surface of plastics. Examples: Fatty amides, waxes, silicone oils. Effect on Polymer Properties: Enhanced ease of processing, improved handling, and surface feel.

Function: Promote formation of a finer spherulite structure during crystallization. Examples: Salts of organic acids, benzoates, phosphates. Effect on Polymer Properties: Increased crystallization speed, improved clarity and mechanical properties.

Function: Form chemical bonds between polymer chains. Examples: Peroxides, sulfur compounds, phenolic resins. Effect on Polymer Properties: Increased thermal and chemical resistance, improved mechanical strength, decreased solubility.

Function: Prevent degradation of the polymer due to heat. Examples: Metal stearates, organotin compounds. Effect on Polymer Properties: Increase in thermal stability, prevention of discoloration and loss of mechanical properties.

Function: Absorb or screen harmful UV radiation. Examples: Benzophenones, benzotriazoles, HALS (Hindered Amine Light Stabilizers). Effect on Polymer Properties: Increased resistance to photo-degradation, reduced yellowing and loss of strength.

Function: Prevent surfaces of polymer films from sticking to each other. Examples: Silica, talc, magnesium stearate. Effect on Polymer Properties: Reduced film tackiness, improved handling and package opening.

Function: Impart color to polymers. Examples: Dyes, pigments, masterbatches. Effect on Polymer Properties: Provides desired appearance, can offer slight UV protection depending on the type.

Function: Reduce surface resistivity and prevent electrostatic charge build-up. Examples: Quaternary ammonium compounds, ethoxylated amines, glycerol esters. Effect on Polymer Properties: Decreased static charge accumulation, improved dust resistance.

Function: Enhance the bonding between inorganic filler particles and polymer matrix. Examples: Silanes, titanates, zirconates. Effect on Polymer Properties: Improved filler dispersion, increased compatibility, enhanced mechanical properties.

Function: Enhance the clarity and transparency of polymers. Examples: Sorbitol derivatives, nucleating agents. Effect on Polymer Properties: Improved optical properties, reduced haze in polypropylene and other polymers.

Function: Link polymer chains to increase molecular weight. Examples: Diisocyanates, bisphenol A, diamines. Effect on Polymer Properties: Improved tensile strength and viscosity, increased polymer chain length.

Function: Inhibit oxidation and prevent polymer degradation. Examples: Phenols, phosphites, thioesters. Effect on Polymer Properties: Enhanced life span, color stability, and mechanical performance.

Function: Reduce polymer flammability and slow down combustion. Examples: Brominated compounds, antimony oxide, phosphorus-based additives. Effect on Polymer Properties: Increase in fire resistance, reduction in smoke production.

Function: Improve toughness and impact resistance of the polymer. Examples: Butadiene Styrene Rubber (SBR), Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), MBS (Methacrylate-Butadiene-Styrene). Effect on Polymer Properties: Improved impact strength, enhanced flexibility.

Function: Reduce intermolecular forces and increase flexibility. Examples: Phthalates, adipates, trimellitates. Effect on Polymer Properties: Increase in plasticity and flexibility, reduced hardness.

Function: Prevent water condensation on plastic surfaces in small droplets. Examples: Sorbitan esters, ethoxylated alcohols, polyglycols. Effect on Polymer Properties: Clearer surface under humid conditions, improved transparency.

Function: Increase volume, reduce cost, and sometimes enhance properties. Examples: Calcium carbonate, talc, silica. Effect on Polymer Properties: Increased stiffness and heat resistance, reduced shrinkage, often decreased cost.

Function: Form a cellular structure by releasing gases upon heating. Examples: Azodicarbonamide, sodium bicarbonate. Effect on Polymer Properties: Reduction in density, improved thermal and acoustic insulation.