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Pattern

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Basic Design Principles

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Variety

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Variety is the use of several design elements to create interest. For example, an eclectic mix of furniture styles in a room can add character.

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Contrast

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Contrast refers to the arrangement of opposite elements to create visual interest. For example, a black and white clock highlights the time effectively.

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Balance

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Balance is the distribution of visual weight within a design. An example is a symmetrical sofa that has equal visual weight on both sides.

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Hierarchy

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Hierarchy is the arrangement of elements to signify importance. For instance, larger buttons for primary functions on a remote control indicate their importance.

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Functionality

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Functionality refers to the practicality and usefulness of a design. An ergonomic office chair that adjusts to the user's shape is an example of functionality.

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Rhythm

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Rhythm is the repetition or alternation of elements to create movement. For example, a series of lights along a path that are evenly spaced can guide the eye.

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Proportion

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Proportion refers to the size relationship between components of a design. A well-proportioned chair maintains a comfortable relationship between the seat and backrest.

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Unity

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Unity is the coherence of a design, creating a sense of completeness. An example is a kitchen appliance set with a consistent color and style.

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Emphasis

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Emphasis is the strategy of making a focal point stand out. For example, a bright red button on a camera draws attention to that function.

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Alignment

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Alignment is the placement of elements so they line up. In an example, text is aligned to the left margin on a webpage for neatness and readability.

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