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History of Industrial Design

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Memphis Group Founded (1981)

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This Italian design and architecture group led by Ettore Sottsass rebelled against minimalism with its colorful and unconventional designs, impacting playful and experimental approaches.

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Founding of the Bauhaus School (1919)

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Established by Walter Gropius, the Bauhaus merged fine arts with crafts, becoming the most influential modernist art school, shaping approach to functional, simplified design.

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The Crystal Palace Exhibition (1851)

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Held in London, it was the first World's Fair and showcased the height of industrial technology, influencing the intersection of design and mass production.

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Sony Walkman Release (1979)

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The personal portable cassette player changed how people listened to music and carried their entertainment, setting precedence for personal consumer electronics design.

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Introduction of the Model T Ford (1908)

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Henry Ford's implementation of the assembly line dramatically reduced costs, making automobiles accessible and pushing forward the consumer culture, emphasizing functionality and standardized design.

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The Ulm School of Design (1953-1968)

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Regarded as the Bauhaus' successor, the Hochschule für Gestaltung Ulm focused on design as a systemic process, contributing significantly to the evolution of industrial design education.

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Pop Art Movement (1950s-1960s)

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Its bold aesthetics and use of modern imagery influenced designers to incorporate playful and ironic elements, bridging the gap between high art and everyday consumer goods.

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The International Style of Architecture (1920s-1930s)

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It presented a significant shift in architecture that affected industrial design, promoting simplicity, functionality, and the use of modern materials, influencing product aesthetics.

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The Space Race (1957-1969)

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Advances in technology developed for space exploration translated into materials and products for everyday use, influencing futuristic design language in various products.

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The Arts and Crafts Movement (Late 19th Century)

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Reacting against industrialization, it emphasized craftsmanship and led to more appreciation for handcrafted goods, influencing future design to value both form and function.

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The Streamline Moderne Movement (1930s)

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As an evolution of Art Deco, this movement emphasized curving forms, long horizontal lines, and sometimes nautical elements, influencing the aerodynamic designs of vehicles and appliances.

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The Deutscher Werkbund (1907)

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This German association of artists, architects, designers, and industrialists aimed to integrate traditional crafts with mass production techniques, foreshadowing the Bauhaus movement.

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Digital Revolution (Late 20th Century)

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The rise of computers and the internet significantly impacted industrial design, emphasizing the importance of designing interactive experiences and user interfaces.

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Scandinavian Design Emergence (1950s)

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Characterized by simplicity, minimalism, and functionality, it had a huge impact on international design, with its principles still evident in contemporary design philosophy.

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Apple's First Macintosh Release (1984)

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Steve Jobs’ emphasis on design aesthetics along with functionality changed consumer electronics, leading to the design-centric approach prevalent in tech products today.

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