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Materials in Industrial Design

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Concrete

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Properties: Compressive strength, durable, versatile. Uses: Buildings, bridges, pavement. Examples: Concrete blocks, driveways.

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Aluminum

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Properties: Lightweight, malleable, good thermal conductivity. Uses: Aircraft components, cans, foils. Examples: Soda cans, bike frames.

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Titanium

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Properties: High strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion-resistant, biocompatible. Uses: Aerospace, medical implants, jewelry. Examples: Jet engines, hip replacements.

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Brass

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Properties: Corrosion resistant, good electrical conductivity, aesthetic appeal. Uses: Decorative items, musical instruments, fittings. Examples: Door knobs, trombones.

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Ceramic

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Properties: Brittle, insulating, can withstand high temperatures. Uses: Pottery, insulators, tiles. Examples: Vases, ceramic capacitors.

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Copper

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Properties: Ductile, high thermal and electrical conductivity. Uses: Electrical wiring, plumbing, roofing. Examples: Electrical wires, pipes.

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Leather

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Properties: Durable, flexible, can be soft or stiff. Uses: Apparel, furniture, bags. Examples: Jackets, wallets, sofas.

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Linen

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Properties: Strong, breathable, conducts heat well. Uses: Apparel, bedding, tablecloths. Examples: Linen shirts, bed sheets.

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Polycarbonate

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Properties: High impact strength, transparent, heat resistant. Uses: Eyewear lenses, bulletproof windows. Examples: Smartphone screens, safety goggles.

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Polyethylene (PE)

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Properties: Chemical resistant, strong, versatile plastic. Uses: Plastic bags, containers, playground equipment. Examples: Milk jugs, plastic film.

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Wool

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Properties: Natural insulator, fire resistant, absorbs moisture without feeling wet. Uses: Clothing, carpets, insulation. Examples: Wool sweaters, wool rugs.

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Acrylic

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Properties: Lightweight, shatter-resistant, can be transparent or opaque. Uses: Signage, aquariums, furniture. Examples: Plexiglas, lucite items.

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Silicone

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Properties: Heat resistant, flexible, chemically stable. Uses: Sealants, cooking utensils, medical devices. Examples: Baking molds, smartphone cases.

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Glass

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Properties: Hard, brittle, transparent. Uses: Windows, bottles, eyewear. Examples: Drinking glasses, window panes.

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Carbon Fiber

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Properties: High stiffness, high tensile strength, low weight. Uses: High-performance vehicles, sporting goods. Examples: Racing car chassis, bicycle frames.

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Bamboo

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Properties: Sustainable, tensile strength comparable to steel, lightweight. Uses: Construction, furniture, textiles. Examples: Bamboo flooring, cutting boards.

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Nickel

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Properties: Corrosion-resistant, good thermal and electrical conductivity, magnetic. Uses: Coinage, batteries, kitchenware. Examples: Rechargeable batteries, stainless steel alloys.

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Stainless Steel

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Properties: Corrosion-resistant, durable, recyclable. Uses: Appliances, cutlery, medical instruments. Examples: Kitchen sinks, surgical equipment.

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Rubber

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Properties: Elastic, waterproof, durable. Uses: Tires, footwear, gaskets. Examples: Car tires, rubber boots.

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Graphene

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Properties: Extremely strong, lightweight, excellent electrical conductivity. Uses: Electronics, composites, sensors. Examples: Touchscreen electronics, advanced batteries.

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