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Materials that have a reduced environmental impact, such as those that are recycled, biodegradable, or sourced sustainably. Designers can implement the use of eco-materials by selecting options that reduce the overall ecological footprint of the product.

Designing product packaging with materials and processes that have minimal environmental impact. This includes using recycled or biodegradable materials, reducing packaging size and complexity, and ensuring that packaging is recyclable or reusable.

The use of energy sources that are continually replenished, such as solar or wind power, in the design and production of goods. Designers can implement this principle by incorporating solar panels or designing products that can operate efficiently with renewable energy sources.

Designing products in such a way that they can be easily repaired, thereby extending their lifespan and reducing waste. Designers can implement this by using standard components, providing repair instructions, and designing products to be disassembled with common tools.

A biomimetic approach to the design of products and systems that models human industry on nature's processes viewing materials as nutrients circulating in healthy, safe metabolisms. Designers can implement this by choosing materials that can be fully reclaimed or re-used, thus creating a circular economy.

A technique to assess the environmental aspects and potential impacts throughout a product's life cycle, from raw material acquisition through production, use, end-of-life treatment, recycling, and final disposal. In design, LCA can be implemented by evaluating the environmental impact of materials and processes and utilizing those with the least adverse effects.

The concept of designing products so that their components can be upgraded without having to dispose of the entire product. Implemented by industrial designers by allowing for easy access to replaceable parts and accommodating future technological advancements.

A design approach that allows the easy recovery of components and materials when an object reaches its end of life. Implemented in design by employing non-destructive fastening techniques and modular components that can be easily separated and recycled.

The aim for processes that do not emit any pollutants to the atmosphere, water, or soil. Designers can implement this by selecting clean energy sources, using non-toxic materials, and designing for efficiency to minimize waste and emissions.