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Quality Management in Projects
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Cost of Quality (CoQ)
The total cost of all efforts related to quality throughout the product's life cycle, including prevention, appraisal, and failure costs.
Fishbone Diagram
A visual tool used to systematically identify and present possible causes of a problem, leading to identifying root causes.
Quality Planning
Identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project and determining how to satisfy them.
ISO 9000
A set of international standards on quality management and quality assurance developed to help companies effectively document the quality system elements to be implemented.
Process Improvement Plan
A plan that documents the steps for analyzing processes with the purpose of identifying opportunities for improvement.
Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence
A framework for an organization to gauge their performance and provide guidance on how to achieve long-term success.
Control Chart
A statistical tool used to monitor the quality of a process and determine the presence of assignable variation.
Design of Experiments (DoE)
A statistical method that helps identify which factors might influence specific variables of a product or process under development.
Root Cause Analysis
The process of identifying the underlying reasons that cause a given problem, defect, or symptom.
Quality Management
A process that ensures that a project meets the defined needs it was intended to meet from the customer's perspective.
Statistical Sampling
Choosing part of a population of interest for inspection, as an effective method to determine whether to accept a production lot without examining every item.
Kaizen
A philosophy that focuses on continuous improvement in all aspects of life, including work, home, and social interactions.
Quality Audit
A structured, independent process to determine if project activities comply with organizational and project policies, procedures, and processes.
Six Sigma
A disciplined, statistical-based, data-driven approach and continuous improvement methodology for eliminating defects in a product, process or service.
Pareto Chart
A bar graph that identifies the frequencies of defects or the sources of quality problems within a process, displaying the magnitude of those problems.
Benchmarking
Comparing project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products to generate ideas for improvement.
Quality Metrics
Specific measures that describe a project's attributes and how they will be measured.
Quality Assurance
The process of evaluating overall project performance to ensure the project will meet the relevant quality standards.
Total Quality Management (TQM)
A management approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction, involving all members of an organization.
Quality Control
Monitoring specific project results to determine whether they comply with relevant quality standards and identifying ways to eliminate causes of unsatisfactory performance.
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