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Scope Management
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Scope Creep
The tendency for project scope to expand over time due to changing requirements or added features. It’s critical to manage scope creep to avoid project delays and budget overruns.
Scope Change Control
The process of managing changes to the project scope. Proper scope change control prevents scope creep and ensures changes are beneficial and well integrated into the project plan.
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
A hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team. WBS is vital for thorough project planning, scope control, and cost estimation.
Scope Verification
The process of formally accepting completed project deliverables. It's crucial for ensuring deliverables meet the agreed-upon requirements and project scope.
Project Scope
Defines what is or is not included in a project. An accurate project scope helps to avoid scope creep, manage stakeholder expectations, and ensure project deliverables are aligned with objectives.
Scope Statement
A document that outlines the project scope, including its limitations and deliverables. It is essential for setting clear expectations and guiding project execution.
Scope Management Plan Updates
Revisions made to the scope management plan based on project experiences and changes. It's important to update the plan to reflect current understanding and management of the project scope.
Scope Management Techniques
Methods used to define, manage, and control the scope of the project, such as WBS, scope statements, and change control processes. These techniques are vital for keeping the project on track.
Project Exclusions
Clearly defines what is out of the scope of the project to prevent misunderstandings and scope creep. Identifying exclusions is as important as defining inclusions.
Change Request
A formal proposal to modify any document, deliverable, or baseline. Handling change requests properly is essential for scope management and to minimize their impact on the project.
Requirements Traceability Matrix
A document that connects requirements throughout the validation process. It helps ensure all requirements are met and are aligned with the project and product scope.
Scope Baseline
A part of the project management plan that includes the approved project scope statement and its associated WBS and WBS dictionary. It serves as a reference point to measure project performance and manage scope changes.
Configuration Management
A process that ensures the configuration of project products, documents, and other baseline elements is consistent and maintained. It's an integral part of scope management that focuses on the technical aspects and product specs.
Product Scope
Refers to the features and functions that are to be included in a product or service. Distinguishing between project scope and product scope is important for proper scope definition and control.
Project Scope Management Plan
A component of the project management plan that describes how the scope will be defined, developed, monitored, controlled, and verified. It is a framework that guides how scope is managed through the project life cycle.
Collect Requirements
The process of determining, documenting, and managing stakeholder needs and requirements to meet project objectives. Effective collection of requirements is essential for defining a realistic and achievable project scope.
Variance Analysis
A technique used to determine the cause and degree of difference between the baseline and actual performance. It's critical for scope control to understand why variances occur and to take corrective action.
WBS Dictionary
A document that provides detailed deliverable, activity, and scheduling information about each component in the WBS. It complements the WBS for better scope definition and control.
Deliverables
Any unique and verifiable product, result, or capability to perform a service that must be produced to complete a process, phase, or project. Clarifying deliverables is fundamental to ensure what is produced meets the scope requirements.
Triple Constraint
Refers to the project management model that considers scope, time, and cost constraints as the three primary factors that must be managed effectively for project success.
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