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This technique involves dragging a large net across the sea floor, which can lead to habitat destruction and high bycatch.

Dredges scoop up shellfish from the seabed, often causing serious disruption to the seabed communities and resulting in sediment plumes.

Gillnets catch fish by their gills and can indiscriminately trap marine life, including endangered species, leading to ecological imbalances.

This method uses large nets to encircle schools of fish and is known for its potential to capture non-target species, affecting the population balance.

Longlines have baited hooks spread along them; they can unintentionally catch and kill sea birds and turtles, leading to biodiversity loss.

This sustainable method involves collecting seafood by hand and typically has minimal impact on ecosystems when properly managed.

A passive technique that can be ecosystem-friendly if used correctly but can pose entanglement risks for non-target species.

Spearfishing is selective and has low bycatch, but if overused, it can lead to the depletion of target fish populations.

This targeted method has little bycatch, but the mechanical pursuit of large species can disrupt natural behaviors and stress populations.

Fyke nets are a type of stationary trap that can be environmentally friendly but may inadvertently capture non-target species, affecting local habitats.

This method involves raking the sea floor for shellfish; it can disturb bottom habitats and alter the local ecology.

Lampara nets use light to attract fish and then encircle them; can cause overfishing and may attract and trap non-target species.

Pole and line is a sustainable fishing method with minimal bycatch, promoting healthy fish stocks if managed properly.

Pot traps target crustaceans and are relatively selective, but lost gear can continue to ghost fish, harming marine life.