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Chemical Bonds and Interactions
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van der Waals Forces
A set of weak interactions that include dipole-dipole interactions, London dispersion forces, and dipole-induced dipole interactions.
Hydrogen Bond
A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.
London Dispersion Forces
A temporary attractive force that results when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles.
Pi Bond
A covalent bond formed by the side-to-side overlap of atomic orbitals, present in double and triple bonds along with sigma bonds.
Covalent Crystal
A solid structure where the atoms are connected by covalent bonds in a lattice or network, rather than by intermolecular forces.
Covalent Bond
A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms.
Dipole-Dipole Interaction
An attractive force between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule.
Ionic Crystal
A solid consisting of positively and negatively charged ions held together by electrostatic forces.
Coordinate Covalent Bond
A type of covalent bond where both electrons shared in the bond come from the same atom.
Metallic Crystal
A solid composed of metal cations surrounded by a sea of delocalized valence electrons that glue the ions together.
Molecular Crystal
A solid consisting of molecules held together by intermolecular forces like van der Waals, hydrogen bonding, or dipole-dipole interactions.
Metallic Bond
A bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them.
Ionic Bond
A type of chemical bond where one atom donates an electron to another, resulting in two ions of opposite charges attracting each other.
Sigma Bond
A covalent bond formed by the head-to-head overlap of atomic orbitals, forming a bond that allows for free rotation around the bond axis.
Dipole-Induced Dipole Interaction
The attraction between a polar molecule with a permanent dipole and a nonpolar molecule that develops a temporary dipole in response.
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