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Common Chemical Reactions

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Combustion of Methane

CH_4 + 2O_2 \rightarrow CO_2 + 2H_2O

Photosynthesis

6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{light energy} \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2

Haber Process

N_2 + 3H_2 \rightarrow 2NH_3

Rusting of Iron

4Fe + 3O_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow 4Fe(OH)_3

Fermentation of Glucose

C_6H_{12}O_6 \rightarrow 2C_2H_5OH + 2CO_2

Neutralization Reaction

HCl + NaOH \rightarrow NaCl + H_2O

Esterification

CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH \rightarrow CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O

Saponification

CH_3COOC_2H_5 + NaOH \rightarrow CH_3COONa + C_2H_5OH

Electrolysis of Water

2H_2O \rightarrow 2H_2 + O_2

Thermal Decomposition of Calcium Carbonate

CaCO_3 \rightarrow CaO + CO_2

Oxidation of Sulfur Dioxide

2SO_2 + O_2 \rightarrow 2SO_3

Hydrolysis of an Ester

CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O \rightarrow CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH

Contact Process

2SO_2 + O_2 \rightarrow 2SO_3

Dehydration of Sucrose

C_{12}H_{22}O_{11} + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow 12C + 11H_2O + \text{dehydration of H}_2\text{SO}_4

Thermal Decomposition of Potassium Chlorate

2KClO_3 \rightarrow 2KCl + 3O_2

Synthesis of Ammonium Nitrate

NH_3 + HNO_3 \rightarrow NH_4NO_3

Bayer Process

Al_2O_3 \cdot xH_2O + 2NaOH \rightarrow 2NaAlO_2 + (3 + x)H_2O

Conversion of Ammonia to Nitric Acid (Ostwald Process)

4NH_3 + 5O_2 \rightarrow 4NO + 6H_2O

2NO + O_2 \rightarrow 2NO_2

3NO_2 + H_2O \rightarrow 2HNO_3 + NO

Reduction of Copper(II) Oxide by Hydrogen

CuO + H_2 \rightarrow Cu + H_2O

Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethene

C_2H_4 + H_2 \rightarrow C_2H_6

Synthesis of Ammonia (Haber Process)

N_2 + 3H_2 \rightarrow 2NH_3

Dissolution of Sodium Chloride in Water

NaCl_{(s)} \rightarrow Na^+_{(aq)} + Cl^-_{(aq)}

Nitration of Benzene

C_6H_6 + HNO_3 + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow C_6H_5NO_2 + H_2O + H_2SO_4

Electrolytic Refining of Copper

Cu_{(s)} \rightarrow Cu^{2+}_{(aq)} + 2e^-

Cu^{2+}_{(aq)} + 2e^- \rightarrow Cu_{(s)}

Preparation of Oxygen from Hydrogen Peroxide

2H_2O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O + O_2

Double Displacement Reaction

AgNO_3 + NaCl \rightarrow AgCl + NaNO_3

Synthesis of Water

2H_2 + O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O

Formation of Aluminum Oxide

4Al + 3O_2 \rightarrow 2Al_2O_3

Displacement Reaction of Zinc and Hydrochloric Acid

Zn + 2HCl \rightarrow ZnCl_2 + H_2

Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide by Catalase

2H_2O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O + O_2

Preparation of Chlorine Gas from Hydrochloric Acid and Manganese(IV) Oxide

4HCl + MnO_2 \rightarrow MnCl_2 + 2H_2O + Cl_2

Synthesis of Sodium Hypochlorite

2NaOH + Cl_2 \rightarrow NaCl + NaClO + H_2O

Reaction of Sodium and Water

2Na + 2H_2O \rightarrow 2NaOH + H_2

Leblanc Process

2NaCl + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow Na_2SO_4 + 2HCl

Formation of Magnesium Oxide

2Mg + O_2 \rightarrow 2MgO

Solvay Process

2NaCl + CaCO_3 \rightarrow Na_2CO_3 + CaCl_2

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