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Industrial Automation Basics
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Sensor Fusion
The process of combining data from multiple sensors to produce more accurate, reliable, and contextual information than any individual sensor could on its own.
Human Machine Interface (HMI)
The user interface in a manufacturing or process control system that presents process data to a human operator and through which the human operator controls the process.
Industrial Ethernet
A use of Ethernet in an industrial environment with protocols that provide determinism and real-time control. Protocols used may include EtherCAT, PROFINET, and others.
Safety Controller
A specialized PLC or control system that is designed to handle safety-rated tasks in an automation system, effectively enabling machines to protect operators and equipment.
Distributed Control System (DCS)
A system for controlling complex, large-scale industrial processes or facilities by using a distributed control concept wherein control systems are distributed throughout the system.
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
A digital computer used for automation of industrial processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines.
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)
A control system architecture comprising computers, networked data communications, and graphical user interfaces for high-level process supervisory management, while also allowing direct control and monitoring of processes.
Motion Controller
A device that controls the movement of machinery in an automation system, coordinating the motion of axes to perform complex tasks.
Actuator
A type of motor responsible for moving or controlling a mechanism or system in automation, typically by converting electrical, hydraulic, or pneumatic energy into motion.
Sensor
A device that detects events or changes in its environment and sends the information to other electronics, frequently a computer processor.
Relay
An electrically operated switch which uses an electromagnet to mechanically operate a switch, typically to control a high power circuit with a low power signal.
Variable Frequency Drive (VFD)
A power electronics device that controls the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the input frequency and voltage.
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