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Power Electronics: Converters, Inverters, and Rectifiers
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Thyristor Rectifier
A rectifier circuit that uses thyristors (silicon-controlled rectifiers, SCRs) instead of diodes. Capable of controlling the output DC voltage by adjusting firing angles of the SCRs.
Diode Rectifier
An electrical device that converts AC to DC by allowing current to flow in only one direction using semiconductor diodes.
Single-Phase Inverter
Converts DC power into AC power using a switching circuit that generates a square, sinusoidal, or pseudo-sinusoidal waveform.
Three-Phase Inverter
Converts DC power to three-phase AC power, typically for industrial use or grid-tied applications. Involves three pairs of switches that are controlled to create three sinusoidal voltages that are 120 degrees out of phase.
Multi-Level Inverter
An inverter that can output voltage levels in multiple steps. The output waveform is closer to a true sine wave compared to traditional two-level inverters, reducing harmonic distortion and improving power quality.
Buck Converter
A DC-DC converter that steps down voltage from its input to its output. It functions using a semiconductor switching transistor and a diode, along with an inductor and capacitor for filtering.
Boost Converter
A DC-DC converter that steps up voltage from its input to output. It operates by storing energy in an inductor and releasing it at a higher voltage.
Full-Bridge Converter
A DC-DC converter that uses four switches (typically transistors) in an H-bridge configuration to produce a voltage that can be of higher or lower magnitude, and possibly of opposite polarity to the input.
Switched-Mode Power Supply (SMPS)
Converts electrical power using switching regulators for efficiency. It transfers small amounts of energy using a semiconductor switch and storage components (inductors/capacitors) intermittently at high frequency.
Buck-Boost Converter
Combines the functions of buck and boost converters to either step up or step down the input voltage as required. It uses an inductor, transistor, diode, and capacitor.
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