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Systems Engineering Processes
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Requirements Engineering
The process of defining, documenting, and maintaining requirements. It includes the identification of stakeholder needs, and the subsequent analysis, specification, and validation of the requirements.
Functional Analysis and Allocation
A process that involves breaking down system requirements into smaller, manageable functions and allocating them to system elements. It also includes the identification of interfaces.
Synthesis
Combines system elements and functions to form a coherent whole. It focuses on integrating components to meet requirements and to function together effectively.
System Analysis and Control
Involves analyzing system performance, controlling project scope, and making trade-offs among competing objectives and constraints to maximize system effectiveness.
Validation and Verification
The process of checking that a system meets specifications and that it fulfills its intended purpose. Verification confirms the product is built correctly, while validation checks the correct product is built.
Risk Management
Involves the identification, analysis, and mitigation of risks that could impact system performance or project success. It encompasses both threat management and opportunity maximization.
Decision Analysis
The process of evaluating multiple alternatives with respect to a set of criteria. It commonly involves cost-benefit analysis, trade-off studies, and the exploration of decision 'what-ifs'.
Configuration Management
Encompasses the technical and administrative activities concerned with the creation, maintenance, controlled change, and quality control of the scope of work.
Technical Planning
Involves the establishment of processes, resources, and procedures to manage and control technical efforts within a systems engineering project.
System Design
The conceptualization and iteration of system elements, architecture, and solutions to ensure that a system satisfies its requirements and constraints. It involves modeling and simulation.
Interface Management
Ensures that system elements interact with one another in a defined and controlled manner. It involves the identification, specification, and control of interactions.
Resource Management
The process of planning, scheduling, and allocating resources, including personnel, facilities, and budget, to ensure they are available for the project when needed.
Quality Management
The activities and processes to ensure that the products and services provided meet certain quality standards, often through continuous improvement and adherence to best practices.
Project Management
Includes the processes, methods, skills, and tools used to plan, initiate, execute, monitor, control, and close a project to achieve specific goals and meet specific success criteria.
Test and Evaluation
The activities designed to assess the performance of a system against defined criteria. It covers testing procedures, evaluation methods, and the gathering and analysis of test data.
Logistics Management
Covers the planning and coordination of the logistics of a system. It includes the management of the lifecycle, maintenance support, and supply chain services.
Training and Support
The process of equipping users with the knowledge and skills needed to operate and maintain the system, and the provision of ongoing assistance and resources.
Sustainability Management
Focuses on designing and operating systems with consideration for the long-term impacts on the environment, economy, and society. It involves the application of sustainable practices throughout the system lifecycle.
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