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Phase Change Phenomena
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Condensation
Condensation is the change from gas to liquid when a vapor cools below its boiling point at a given pressure or when the pressure increases at a given temperature.
Vaporization
Vaporization is the phase change from liquid to gas. This occurs when the substance reaches its boiling point and can happen through evaporation or boiling, requiring heat input.
Sublimation
Sublimation occurs when a solid changes directly into a gas without first becoming a liquid. It requires the substance to reach its sublimation point and adequate energy to overcome atmospheric pressure.
Melting
Melting is the process where a solid turns into a liquid upon heating. The thermal requirement is that the substance must reach its melting point, which is specific to the material.
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