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Solar Energy Fundamentals
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Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
CSP systems use mirrors or lenses to concentrate a large area of sunlight onto a small area. The concentrated light is then used as heat or converted into electricity. The efficiency of CSP plants is typically around 10-20%.
Photovoltaics
The principle of operation involves the photovoltaic effect, where sunlight is converted directly into electricity at the atomic level. Efficiency ranges from 15-20% for typical commercial systems, with some lab-scale systems reaching over 45%.
Solar Thermal
This technology captures sunlight to generate thermal energy (heat), which is then used to produce electricity or for heating purposes. Efficiency can vary widely but is generally around 20-30% for electricity production.
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