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A passive remediation strategy that relies on the natural processes such as evaporation, oxidation, and biodegradation to naturally dissipate and break down the oil over time without human intervention.

Materials that soak up liquids through absorption or adsorption. Used in oil spills to absorb oil from the water. Examples include peat moss, straw, and synthetic materials.

Workers use tools like shovels, buckets, and rakes to physically remove oil and oil-soaked debris from beaches and shorelines. This method is labor-intensive and used for smaller spills or in sensitive areas.

Devices that remove the oil layer from the surface of the water. They work by skimming the oil off the surface while leaving most of the water behind, collecting the oil for disposal or recycling.

Special vehicles equipped with vacuum systems used to suck up oil from land or water surfaces, especially in areas less accessible to larger equipment. The collected oil can then be transported for further treatment or disposal.

The use of microorganisms to degrade oil pollutants into less harmful substances. This is a natural process much like composting and can be enhanced by adding nutrients to stimulate microbial growth.

A method where oil is ignited to burn it off the surface of the water. It can quickly reduce the volume of spilled oil, but it produces air pollutants and is suitable only under certain conditions.

These are compounds that, when applied to oil, create a solid mass for easier collection and removal. They work by polymerizing the oil and transforming it from a liquid into a rubber-like solid.

Floating barriers that prevent the spread of oil and make it easier to collect. They are placed around the spill to contain the surface oil which can then be gathered and removed.

Chemicals that break down the oil into smaller droplets which can then be more easily degraded by bacteria. These droplets disperse throughout the water column, reducing the impact on the surface environment.

A technique primarily used to clean oil-contaminated sediments underwater. It involves removing sediments with oil contaminants from the bottom of water bodies.