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Organic waste is decomposed through aerobic digestion to produce compost. The process enriches soil, reduces the need for chemical fertilizers, and cuts methane emissions from landfills.

Waste is exposed to very high temperatures and reduced to syngas and slag using a plasma torch. Decreases volume of waste, allows for energy recovery, and minimizes harmful emissions.

Waste materials are burned, reducing their volume and sometimes generating energy. Reduction in landfill space needed, and the energy generated can be used for electricity.

The process of generating energy, usually electricity or heat, from the primary treatment of waste. Reduces waste volume and produces energy that can offset fossil fuels.

Process involves collecting and processing materials that would otherwise be thrown away as trash and turning them into new products. Benefits include conserving natural resources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and saving energy.

The dismantling, refurbishing, and recycling of electronics and electrical goods. Prevents toxic metals from polluting the environment and recovers valuable materials like gold and copper.

Use of living organisms, such as microbes and fungi, to remove contaminants, toxins, and pollutants from soil and water. Restores the health of ecosystems and reduces toxins in the environment.

An industrial process that breaks down organic material at high temperatures and pressures to produce oil, gas, and minerals. Offers a way to convert waste into useful fuels and reduces landfilling.

Breaks down organic materials in the absence of oxygen to produce biogas and digestate. Provides renewable energy and reduces emissions from landfills.

Involves reducing waste generation, either by consuming less material or by altering the design, manufacture, or use of products and materials. Preserves resources and reduces pollution and waste.

The extraction of usable materials or energy from waste, typically through recycling, composting, or energy recovery. Maximizes the usefulness of products and reduces need for virgin resources.

Transforming waste materials or useless products into new materials or products of better quality and environmental value. Reduces the consumption of new raw materials and encourages creativity.

Combines mechanical sorting of waste with biological treatment processes such as composting or anaerobic digestion. Reduces volume and produces a biologically stable waste product.

Disposal of waste by burying it, often the simplest method. Benefits include reduced risk of contamination if managed properly, temporary solution for waste disposal.