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Toxic Heavy Metals and Their Effects
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Arsenic
Arsenic causes skin lesions, cardiovascular diseases, and various cancers. It contaminates groundwater affecting millions of people.
Beryllium
Beryllium can cause lung diseases and is carcinogenic to humans. It poses a high chronic toxicity risk to aquatic organisms.
Silver
Ingested silver can cause argyria, a condition resulting in a blue-gray discoloration of the skin. Silver nanoparticles can be toxic to aquatic organisms.
Thallium
Thallium exposure can result in hair loss, neuropathy, and even death. It can also be harmful to the environment, particularly as a byproduct of smelting.
Mercury
Mercury exposure can lead to neurological and developmental damage in humans, accumulates in the food chain, especially in fish.
Cobalt
Exposure to high levels of cobalt can lead to heart and lung issues. It can affect soil and water health near mining areas.
Iron
In excess, iron can cause organ damage, and mining can result in soil and water contamination.
Antimony
Antimony can cause heart and lung problems, and antimony compounds are considered carcinogenic. It is also toxic to aquatic life.
Tin
Tin, particularly organic tin compounds, can affect neurological function and immunological responses. Tin mining and smelting can have environmental impacts.
Chromium
Hexavalent chromium is carcinogenic, particularly increasing the risk of lung cancer when inhaled. It can be toxic to aquatic life.
Copper
Copper toxicity can cause gastrointestinal distress and liver damage. It can be toxic to aquatic organisms at high concentrations.
Cadmium
Cadmium exposure can cause kidney damage, bone fragility, and lung cancer. It is highly toxic to aquatic life.
Gold
Gold compounds can cause dermatitis and lung disease. Gold mining is highly destructive to the environment including deforestation and water pollution.
Manganese
Excessive manganese can lead to neurobehavioral changes and respiratory issues. It can also impact the growth of plants when soil levels are too high.
Zinc
Zinc is essential in small amounts but can cause nausea and disrupt metal metabolism at high levels. Zinc pollution can result from mining and smelting.
Selenium
Excessive selenium can cause hair loss, brittle nails, and neuropathy. It is considered an ecological contaminant near coal-fired power plants.
Lead
Lead poisoning can cause anemia, weakness, and kidney and brain damage. Environmental exposure can harm wildlife and ecosystems.
Nickel
Nickel can cause allergic reactions, lung and nasal cancers. Its mining and refining can lead to environmental pollution.
Platinum
Platinum compounds, used in chemotherapy, can have numerous side effects. Its extraction and refining processes can also harm the environment.
Aluminum
Aluminum exposure at high levels can cause neurotoxicity, and aluminum processing can cause environmental degradation.
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