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Wood Identification
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Oak
Common uses: Furniture, flooring, and cabinetry. Grain pattern: Straight with a coarse, uneven texture. Color description: Light to medium brown, often with an olive cast.
Walnut
Common uses: High-end furniture, gunstocks, and decorative panels. Grain pattern: Straight, but can be irregular or wavy. Color description: Rich dark brown to purplish-black.
Maple
Common uses: Bowling alleys, cutting boards, and musical instruments. Grain pattern: Generally straight, with a fine, even texture. Color description: Creamy white to light reddish-brown.
Cherry
Common uses: Fine furniture, veneer, and turned objects. Grain pattern: Straight and narrow, with a smooth texture. Color description: Reddish-brown with a golden luster.
Ash
Common uses: Sporting goods, tool handles, and furniture. Grain pattern: Straight with a moderately open texture. Color description: Light to medium brown, with a nearly white to light brown sapwood.
Fir
Common uses: Construction, plywood, and Christmas trees. Grain pattern: Generally straight, with a fine to medium texture. Color description: Light yellow to red, with generally a uniform appearance.
Pine
Common uses: Construction lumber, paneling, and Christmas trees. Grain pattern: Straight with a medium to coarse texture. Color description: Pale yellow to light brown with prominent knots.
Mahogany
Common uses: High-quality furniture, boat building, and musical instruments. Grain pattern: Straight to interlocked, fine to medium texture. Color description: Varies from pale pink to reddish-brown.
Rosewood
Common uses: Fine furniture, musical instruments, and decorative items. Grain pattern: Straight to interlocked, often with a wavy texture. Color description: Rich dark brown with darker black streaks.
Ipe
Common uses: Decking, flooring, and outdoor furniture. Grain pattern: Fine to medium texture, with straight to irregular grain. Color description: Olive brown to blackish, often with lighter or darker striping.
Poplar
Common uses: Pallets, crates, and upholstered furniture frames. Grain pattern: Straight, uniform texture. Color description: White to light cream, with green or brown streaks.
Bamboo
Common uses: Furniture, flooring, and cutting boards. Grain pattern: Not a true wood grain, but has a distinctive pattern due to its grass roots. Color description: Pale yellow to light tan.
Cedar
Common uses: Closet linings, shingles, and outdoor furniture. Grain pattern: Straight with a fine to medium texture. Color description: Light red to deep reddish-tan, often with streaks of white.
Beech
Common uses: Furniture, flooring, and kitchen utensils. Grain pattern: Straight, fine grain with a wide, uniform texture. Color description: White to light reddish-brown.
Birch
Common uses: Plywood, boxes, and turned items. Grain pattern: Straight or wavy, with a fine, even texture. Color description: Light tan to dark brown.
Hickory
Common uses: Tool handles, flooring, and furniture. Grain pattern: Straight, with a coarse texture and prominent grain. Color description: Creamy white to light brown for sapwood, medium to dark brown for heartwood.
Teak
Common uses: Outdoor furniture, boat decks, and cutting boards. Grain pattern: Straight, sometimes wavy. Color description: Golden to medium brown, darkening with age.
Redwood
Common uses: Outdoor furniture, decking, and siding. Grain pattern: Straight and fairly even. Color description: Light cherry to a deep reddish-brown.
Ebony
Common uses: Piano keys, high-quality woodwind instruments, and carving. Grain pattern: Generally straight, sometimes with interlocked or wavy grain. Color description: Deep black to dark brown, with black streaks.
Zebrawood
Common uses: Decorative items, veneer, and furniture inlays. Grain pattern: Interlocked or wavy, creating a striped appearance. Color description: Golden brown with dark brown to blackish streaks.
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