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Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems
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Photovoltaic Cell
Converts sunlight directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect.
Inverter
Converts direct current (DC) from the solar panels into alternating current (AC) for use in homes and businesses.
Charge Controller
Regulates the voltage and current coming from the solar panels to the battery to prevent overcharging.
Solar Panel Array
A collective set of solar panels connected together to increase power output.
Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)
A technology used in inverters to maximize the power extraction from the solar panels under various conditions.
Direct Current (DC)
Type of electric current produced by solar panels, characterized by a unidirectional flow of electric charge.
Alternating Current (AC)
Type of electric current converted from DC for home use, characterized by periodic direction reversal.
Grid-Tied System
A solar PV system that is connected to the utility power grid, allowing for the exchange of energy.
Off-Grid System
A standalone solar PV system that operates independently of the utility power grid.
Energy Payback Time
The time required for a solar PV system to generate the amount of energy equal to the energy used to produce it.
Solar Irradiance
The power per unit area received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation.
Balance of System (BOS)
Includes all components of a solar PV system except for the photovoltaic panels themselves, such as wiring, inverters, mounting systems, etc.
Interconnection Agreement
A legal document stipulating the terms under which a solar PV system is connected to the grid.
Net Metering
A billing mechanism that credits solar energy system owners for electricity added to the grid.
Solar Module
A series of interconnected solar cells encapsulated to protect against environmental conditions.
Mounting System
Structures and supports used to secure solar panels to the ground, roof, or other surfaces.
Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
Uses mirrors or lenses to concentrate a large area of sunlight onto a small area, converting light to heat to drive a generator.
Solar Access Rights
Legal protections that ensure homeowners' ability to access sunlight for solar installations.
Photovoltaic Effect
The phenomena by which photons are absorbed in a material, generating free electrons and holes that can be used to create an electrical current.
Feed-in Tariff (FIT)
A policy mechanism designed to accelerate investment in renewable energy technologies by providing them higher payments for the electricity they produce.
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